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有whose的定語(yǔ)從句

時(shí)間:2023-10-19 10:46:01 文圣 英語(yǔ) 我要投稿

有whose的定語(yǔ)從句

  在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句。下面是小編為大家收集整理的有whose的定語(yǔ)從句,僅供參考。

  whose定語(yǔ)從句

  一、whose為who的所有格,作“某(些)人的……”解,它所指代的先行詞必須是人,其引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾它的先行詞,同時(shí)它本身在從句中作定語(yǔ)。

  This is the little girl whoseparents were killed in the great earthquake。這就是在那次大地震中失去雙親的那個(gè)小姑娘。

  Mr Liu wants to talk to thestudents whose homework hasn‘t been handed in。劉老師要跟那些沒(méi)交家庭作業(yè)的學(xué)生談話。

  二、whose也可作which的所有格,作“某(些)物的……”解,它所指代的先行詞必須是物,其語(yǔ)法的功能同上。

  The company whose name was Notcowas in Australia。那個(gè)名叫諾特可的公司設(shè)在澳大利亞。

  We live in a house whose windowsopen to the south。我們居住在一所窗戶(hù)朝南開(kāi)的房子里。

  三、whose可修飾定語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、介詞賓語(yǔ)等不同成分。

  Mr King,whoselegs were badly hurt,was quickly taken to hospital。金先生的腿受了重傷,很快就被送往醫(yī)院。(whose修飾定語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ)legs)

  We shall have to make a decisionabout Ms King,whose story I‘ve just told you。關(guān)于金女士的情況,我剛才已經(jīng)告訴你們了,我們得對(duì)她的事情作出決定。(whose修飾定語(yǔ)從句中的賓語(yǔ) story)

  四、whose既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,亦可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

  The boss in whose department MrKing worked called at the hospital。金先生工作單位的老板到醫(yī)院來(lái)探視。(限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

  The boss of the company,whose name was Mr Little,told the story。公司的老板叫利特爾,他講述了這個(gè)故事。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

  五、由于whose具有兼作who和 which的所有格的雙重功能,故在指人時(shí)可用of whom代替whose,指物時(shí)可用ofwhich代替whose。

  This kind of book is for childrenwhose native language(=the native language of whom)is Chinese。這種書(shū)是給母語(yǔ)是漢語(yǔ)的兒童看的。

  Mr Brown has written a novelwhose name(=the name of which)I‘vecompletely forgotten。布朗先生寫(xiě)了部小說(shuō),其書(shū)名我完全忘了。

  I live in a room whose window(=the window of which)opens to the south。我住在一間窗戶(hù)朝南開(kāi)的屋子里。

  六、按英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用法,下列情況中的whose和of whom或ofwhich切不可混用:

  1、凡是ofwhom或of which同數(shù)詞或代詞(如some,many,little等)連用表示部分與整體關(guān)系時(shí),通常不可用 whose。

  There are 45 students in ourclass,35of whom are League members。我們班有45名學(xué)生,其中35名是團(tuán)員。

  Mr White wrote many articles,some of which were translated into Chinese。懷特先生寫(xiě)了不少文章,其中一些譯成了中文。

  2、凡是of whom或of which修飾定語(yǔ)從句中的主語(yǔ),是表示同位關(guān)系的代詞both,all等時(shí),切不可用whose。

  I have two sons,both of whom serve in the army。我有兩個(gè)兒子,都在部隊(duì)服役。

  He has some novels,all of which are written in Russian。他有一些小說(shuō),都是用俄文寫(xiě)的。

  whose定語(yǔ)從句用法

  1、whose用作關(guān)系代詞時(shí),它并不表示“誰(shuí)的”,而是表示“……的……”,在具體語(yǔ)境需要靈活處理。如:

  He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車(chē)被竊的人。

  The boys whose names were called stood up. 叫到名字的男孩們站了起來(lái)。

  You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 你是惟一可能使他聽(tīng)從勸告的人。

  2、不要以為whose引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),其先行詞一定是指人的。名詞,其實(shí)也可以是指事物(包括動(dòng)物)的名詞。如:

  It was an island whose name I have forgotten. 這是一座島,名字我忘了。

  Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon cooperation. 狼是高度群體化的動(dòng)物,它們的成功依賴(lài)于合作。

  3、whose 不僅可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句,也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。如:

  My bitch, whose temper is very uncertain, often bites the judges at dog shows. 我的母狗脾氣不穩(wěn)定,常常在狗展上咬裁判。

  One of the Britons, whose identity has not been revealed, was taken to hospital. 其中一位英國(guó)人被送往醫(yī)院。他的身份還沒(méi)有透露。

  Now was not the time to start thinking of mother, whose death had so distressed me. 現(xiàn)在還不是開(kāi)始想念母親的時(shí)候。她的逝世曾令我極度痛苦。

  4、引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的“whose+名詞”,有時(shí)可換成其他結(jié)構(gòu),注意詞序的變化。比較:

  破了窗戶(hù)的那座房子是空的。

  正:The house whose windows are broken is empty.

  正:The house the windows of which are broken is empty.

  正:The house of which the windows are broken is empty.

  正:The house with broken windows is empty.

  5、根據(jù)語(yǔ)境的需要,whose 前可以使用語(yǔ)義需要的介詞。如:

  I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far. 我要感謝史密斯教授,沒(méi)有他的幫助,我不會(huì)走到今天這一步。

  Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上個(gè)月東南亞的部分地區(qū)受到洪水侵襲,現(xiàn)在人們?nèi)栽谠馐芎樗畮?lái)的影響。

  1、備考主語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)

  一是從句作主語(yǔ),主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù);

  二是主語(yǔ)從句通常用it作形式主語(yǔ),尤其是在It is +名詞 / 形容詞 / 過(guò)去分詞+that…中,或在It seems / happens that…中,或疑問(wèn)句中;

  三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句一般不用形式主語(yǔ)。

  2、備考賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意以下四點(diǎn)

  一是介詞后(except等除外)一般不跟that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,但可接疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句;

  二是在that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句后若還有補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí),要用it作形式賓語(yǔ),而將that從句置于補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之后;

  三是當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等時(shí),若賓語(yǔ)從句要表示否定意義,往往要通過(guò)否主句來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),即所謂否定轉(zhuǎn)移;

  四是雖然引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的that有時(shí)可以省略,但若賓語(yǔ)從句前有插入語(yǔ)或有間接賓語(yǔ)時(shí),that不能省略;that在與之并列的另一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句之后或者在“形式賓語(yǔ)it+賓補(bǔ)”之后時(shí)也不能省略;that從句單獨(dú)回答問(wèn)題時(shí),that也不能省略。

  3、備考表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意以下三點(diǎn)

  一是除that, whether和疑問(wèn)詞外,as, as if, as though, because也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句;

  二要注意“that’s why+結(jié)果”以及“that’s because+原因”的區(qū)別;

  三是注意the reason (why / for…) is that…句式。

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