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端午節(jié)起源的傳說
源于紀念屈原
公元前278年，秦軍攻破楚國京都。屈原眼看自己的祖國被侵略，心如刀割，但是始終不忍舍棄自己的祖國，于五月五日，在寫下了絕筆作《懷沙》之后，抱石投汨羅江身死，以自己的生命譜寫了一曲壯麗的愛國主義樂章。傳說屈原死后，楚國百姓哀痛異常，紛紛涌到汨羅江邊去憑吊屈原。漁夫們劃起船只，在江上來回打撈他的真身。有位漁夫拿出為屈原準備的飯團、雞蛋等食物，“撲通、撲通”地丟進江里，說是讓魚龍蝦蟹吃飽了，就不會去咬屈大夫的身體了。人們見后紛紛仿效。一位老醫(yī)師則拿來一壇雄黃酒倒進江里，說是要藥暈蛟龍水獸，以免傷害屈大夫。后來為怕飯團為蛟龍所食，人們想出用楝樹葉包飯，外纏彩絲，發(fā)展成棕子。
以后，在每年的五月初五，就有了龍舟競渡、吃粽子、喝雄黃酒的風俗；以此來紀念愛國詩人屈原
源于紀念伍子胥
端午節(jié)的第二個傳說，在江浙一帶流傳很廣，是紀念春秋時期（公元前770--前476年）的伍子胥。伍子胥名員，楚國人，父兄均為楚王所殺，后來子胥棄暗投明，奔向吳國，助吳伐楚，五戰(zhàn)而入楚都郢城。當時楚平王已死，子胥掘墓鞭尸三百，以報殺父兄之仇。吳王闔廬死后，其子夫差繼位，吳軍士氣高昂，百戰(zhàn)百勝，越國大敗，越王勾踐請和，夫差許之。子胥建議，應徹底消滅越國，夫差不聽，吳國大宰，受越國賄賂，讒言陷害子胥，夫差信之，賜子胥寶劍，子胥以此死。子胥本為忠良，視死如歸，在死前對鄰舍人說：“我死后，將我眼睛挖出懸掛在吳京之東門上，以看越國-軍隊入城滅吳”，便自刎而死，夫差聞言大怒，令取子胥之尸體裝在皮革里于五月五日投入大江，因此相傳端午節(jié)亦為紀念伍子胥之日。 源于紀念孝女曹娥
端午節(jié)的第三個傳說，是為紀念東漢（公元23--220年）孝女曹娥救父投江。曹娥是東漢上虞人，父親溺于江中，數(shù)日不見尸體，當時孝女曹娥年僅十四歲，晝夜沿江號哭。過了十七天，在五月五日也投江，五日后抱出父尸。就此傳為神話，繼而相傳至縣府知事，令度尚為之立碑，讓他的弟-子邯鄲淳作誄辭頌揚。
端午節(jié)的習俗
賽龍舟：
賽龍舟，是端午節(jié)的主要習俗。相傳起源于古時楚國人因舍不得賢臣屈原投江死去，許多人劃船追趕拯救。他們爭先恐后，追至洞庭湖時不見蹤跡。之后每年五月五日劃龍舟以紀念之。借劃龍舟驅(qū)散江中之魚，以免魚吃掉屈原的身體。后來，賽龍舟除紀念屈原之外，在各地人們還付予了不同的寓意。此外，劃龍舟也先后傳入鄰國日本、越南等及英國。 端午食粽
端午節(jié)吃粽子，這是中國人民的又一傳統(tǒng)習俗。粽子，又叫“角黍”、“筒粽”。其由來已久，花樣繁多。據(jù)記載，早在春秋時期，用菰葉（茭白葉）包黍米成牛角狀，稱“角黍”；用竹筒裝米密封烤熟，稱“筒粽”。一直到今天，每年五月初，中國百姓家家都要浸糯米、洗粽葉、包粽子，其花色品種更為繁多。從餡料看，北方多包小棗的北京棗粽；南方則有豆沙、鮮肉、火腿、蛋黃等多種餡料，其中以浙江嘉興粽子為代表。吃粽子的風俗，千百年來，在中國盛行不衰，而且流傳到朝鮮、日本及東南亞諸國。
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佩香囊：
端午節(jié)小孩佩香囊，傳說有避邪驅(qū)瘟之意，實際是用于襟頭點綴裝飾。香囊內(nèi)有朱砂、雄黃、香藥，外包以絲布，清香四溢，再以五色絲線弦扣成索，作各種不同形狀，結(jié)成一串，形形色色，玲瓏可愛。
懸艾葉菖蒲：
民諺說：“清明插柳，端午插艾”。在端午節(jié)，人們把插艾和菖蒲作為重要內(nèi)容之一。家家都灑掃庭除，以菖蒲、艾條插于門眉，懸于堂中。并用菖蒲、艾葉、榴花、蒜頭、龍船花，制成人形或虎形，稱為艾人、艾虎；制成花環(huán)、佩飾，美麗芬芳，婦人爭相佩戴，用以驅(qū)瘴。
艾，又名家艾、艾蒿。它的莖、葉都含有揮發(fā)性芳香油。它所產(chǎn)生的奇特芳香，可驅(qū)蚊蠅、蟲蟻，凈化空氣。中醫(yī)學上以艾入藥，有理氣血、暖子宮、祛寒濕的功能。將艾葉加工成“艾絨”，是灸法治病的重要藥材。
菖蒲是多年生水生草本植物，它狹長的葉片也含有揮發(fā)性芳香油，是提神通竅、健骨消滯、殺蟲滅菌的藥物。
可見，古人插艾和菖蒲是有一定防病作用的。端午節(jié)也是自古相傳的“衛(wèi)生節(jié)”，人們在這一天灑掃庭院，掛艾枝，懸菖蒲，灑雄黃水，飲雄黃酒，激濁除腐，殺菌防病。這些活動也反映了中華民族的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)。端午節(jié)上山采藥，則是我國各國個民族共同的習俗。
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端午節(jié)的來歷與傳說2017-05-15 20:54 | #2樓
端午節(jié)，又稱為五五節(jié)，因為端午節(jié)是在農(nóng)歷的五月五日，是三個重要的中國節(jié)慶之一，其它兩個分別是中秋節(jié)和農(nóng)歷新年。
這個節(jié)日的由來是古代中國有一位博學多聞的官吏屈原，他是一位愛民而且又受到尊崇的官吏，但是由于一位充滿嫉妒的官吏陷害，從此在朝廷中被皇帝所冷落。由于無法獲得皇帝的重視，屈原在憂郁的情況下投汨羅江自盡。
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由于對屈原的愛戴，汨羅江畔的居民匆忙的劃船在江內(nèi)尋找屈原，并且將米丟入汨羅江中，以平息汨羅江中的蛟龍。即使他們當時并沒有找到屈原，但是他們的行為，直到今天在端午節(jié)的時候，仍然被人們傳頌紀念著。
Officially on falling on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as Double Fifth Day. While many stories regarding its origin abound, the most popular and widely accepted version regards Qu Yuan, a minister during the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC)
Legend of the Dragon Boat Festival's Origin
端午節(jié)起源的傳說
At the end of the Zhou Dynasty, the area we now know as China had fallen into a state of fragmentation and conflict. While the Zhou dynasty had ruled for several centuries, several other states, originally feudal domains, tried to carve out their own kingdoms. The state of Qin would eventually emerge the victor and unify all of China under one rule for the first time in history。
Qu Yuan served as minister to the Zhou Emperor. A wise and articulate man, he was loved by the common people. He did much to fight against the rampant corruption that plagued the court-- thereby earning the envy and fear of other officials. Therefore, when he urged the emperor to avoid conflict with the Qin Kingdom, the officials pressured the Emperor to have him removed from service. In exile, he traveled, taught and wrote for several years. Hearing that the Zhou had been defeated by the Qin, he fell into despair and threw himself into the Milou River. His last poem reads: Many a heavy sigh I have in my despair, Grieving that I was born in such an unlucky time. I yoked a team of jade dragons to a phoenix chariot, And waited for the wind to come, to sour up on my journey As he was so loved by the people, fishermen rushed out in long boats, beating drums
to scare the fish away, and throwing zong zi into the water to feed braver fish so that they would not eat Qu Yuan's body。
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The Modern Dragon Boat Festival
現(xiàn)代端午節(jié)
Starting from that time to this day, people commemorate Qu Yuan through Dragon Boat Races, eating zong zi, and several other activities, on the anniversary of his death: the fifth day of the fifth lunar month。 Dragon Boat races are the most exciting part of the festival, drawing crowds of spectators. Dragon Boats are generally brightly painted and decorated canoes. Ranging anywhere from 40 to 100 feet in length, their heads are shaped like open-mouthed dragons, while the sterns end with a scaly tail. Depending on the length, up to 80 rowers can power the boat.
A drummer and flag-catcher stand at the front of the boat. Before a dragon boat enters competition, it must be "brought to life" by painting the eyes in a sacred ceremony. Races can have any number of boats competing, with the winner being the first team to grab a flag at the end of the course. Annual races take place all over China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and other overseas Chinese communities。
Zong Zi
粽子
The traditional food for the Dragon Boat Festival, Zong zi is a glutinous rice ball, with a filling, wrapped in corn leaves. The fillings can be egg, beans, dates, fruits, sweet potato, walnuts, mushrooms, meat, or a combination of them. They are generally steamed。
Talisman and Charms
符咒
Another aspect of the Double Fifth Day is the timing: at the beginning of summer, when diseases are likely to strike, people also wear talisman to fend off evil spirits. They may hang the picture of Zhong Kui, guardian against evil spirits, on the door of their homes, as well. Adults may drink Xiong Huang Wine, and children carry fragrant silk pouches, all of which can prevent evil. It is said that if you can balance a raw egg on its end at exactly noon on Double Fifth Day, the rest of the year will be lucky。
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