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托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)題《肥沃土地的雜草》
現(xiàn)如今，我們很多時(shí)候都會(huì)有考試，接觸到練習(xí)題，只有認(rèn)真完成作業(yè)，積極地發(fā)揮每一道習(xí)題特殊的功能和作用，才能有效地提高我們的思維能力，深化我們對(duì)知識(shí)的理解。什么樣的習(xí)題才能有效幫助到我們呢？下面是小編幫大家整理的托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)題《肥沃土地的雜草》，歡迎閱讀，希望大家能夠喜歡。
托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)題《肥沃土地的雜草》 1
A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded by a large variety of weeds, whereas a neighboring construction site from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material may remain virtually free of vegetation for many months or even years despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field. (TPO32, 56)
fertile /ftal/ adj. (指土地)肥沃的, 富饒的;(指動(dòng)植物)能結(jié)果實(shí)的, 能生育的;(指人的頭腦)主意多的, 有創(chuàng)造力的
plow /plau/ v. 犁<地>，用犁耕<地>
compact /kmpkt/ v. 將(某物)緊壓在一起
coarse /ks/ adj. 粗糙的;(指食物 酒等)低劣的, 粗劣的;不高雅的，粗俗的;
大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解
A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded (by a large variety of weeds), whereas a neighboring construction site (from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material) may remain virtually free of vegetation (for many months or even years) (despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.) (TPO32, 56)
托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析：
這個(gè)句子的主干部分是：
A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded whereas a neighboring construction site may remain virtually free of vegetation
whereas然而，表示對(duì)比，對(duì)比兩種情況
修飾一：(by a large variety of weeds) ，介詞短語
中文：被各種各樣的`雜草
修飾二：(from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material) ，從句，修飾a neighboring construction site
這個(gè)句子理解的難點(diǎn)應(yīng)該就在這里了，這個(gè)從句把a(bǔ) neighboringconstruction site和may remain virtually free ofvegetation分開了，注意斷句不要出問題，這種現(xiàn)象之前我們碰到很多了。
中文：這里的土壤被緊壓或移除過以至于露出母質(zhì)層(不要去理解啥是parent material，學(xué)術(shù)名詞)
修飾三：(for many months or even years) ，介詞短語
中文：幾個(gè)月偶然甚至是幾年
修飾四：(despite receiving the same inputof seeds as the plowed field.) ，介詞短語
中文：盡管得到了和這塊翻耕地同樣多的種子
托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句參考翻譯：
一塊肥沃且被翻耕過的土地會(huì)被各種各樣的雜草迅速入侵，然而一個(gè)鄰近的建筑工地(這里的土壤被緊壓或移除過以至于露出母質(zhì)層)可能幾個(gè)月甚至幾年都幾乎沒有植被覆蓋，盡管得到了和這塊翻耕地同樣多的種子。
這個(gè)句子的主要修飾成分就是從句、介詞短語，大家務(wù)必想清楚，每一個(gè)修飾成分修飾的是什么，才能看清楚這個(gè)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。
托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句練習(xí)題《肥沃土地的雜草》 2
A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded by a large variety of weeds, whereas a neighboring construction site from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material may remain virtually free of vegetation for many months or even years despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field. (TPO32, 56)
fertile /ftal/ adj. (指土地)肥沃的, 富饒的;(指動(dòng)植物)能結(jié)果實(shí)的, 能生育的;(指人的頭腦)主意多的, 有創(chuàng)造力的
plow /plau/ v. 犁<地>，用犁耕<地>
compact /kmpkt/ v. 將(某物)緊壓在一起
coarse /ks/ adj. 粗糙的;(指食物 酒等)低劣的, 粗劣的;不高雅的，粗俗的;
大家自己先讀，不回讀，看一遍是否能理解
A fertile, plowed field is rapidly invaded (by a large variety of weeds), whereas a neighboring construction site (from which the soil has been compacted or removed to expose a coarse, infertile parent material) may remain virtually free of vegetation (for many months or even years) (despite receiving the same input of seeds as the plowed field.) (TPO32, 56)
以下是一些關(guān)于托福閱讀長(zhǎng)難句《肥沃土地的雜草》的練習(xí)題：
一、句子理解練習(xí)
1. “Weeds are the bane of a gardeners existence, and in fertile soil, they seem to thrive with a tenacity that defies easy eradication.”
請(qǐng)找出句子的主干部分。
解釋“bane”和“tenacity”在句中的意思。
翻譯這個(gè)句子。
2. “The rapid growth of weeds in nutrient rich land is a result of their efficient adaptation mechanisms which enable them to take full advantage of the favorable conditions.”
分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，特別是“which”引導(dǎo)的從句在句子中的作用。
用自己的話解釋“efficient adaptation mechanisms”的含義。
對(duì)這個(gè)句子進(jìn)行翻譯。
二、句子簡(jiǎn)化練習(xí)
1. “In the expanse of fertile ground, where the nutrients are abundant and the environment is conducive to growth, weeds not only sprout quickly but also develop extensive root systems that penetrate deeply into the soil, making them difficult to uproot completely.”
簡(jiǎn)化這個(gè)句子，保留主要信息，去除不必要的修飾成分。
2. “The presence of weeds in fertile areas is often exacerbated by their ability to produce copious amounts of seeds, which can lie dormant in the soil for extended periods and then germinate when the conditions are optimal, such as in a warm and moist spring.”
簡(jiǎn)化該句子，使它更簡(jiǎn)潔明了，同時(shí)不改變?cè)狻?/p>
三、句子推斷練習(xí)
1. “Given that weeds have a remarkable propensity to flourish in fertile soil and their resistance to many common removal methods, it can be inferred that farmers and gardeners need to adopt more sophisticated strategies to keep them in check.”
根據(jù)這句話，推斷出農(nóng)民和園丁可能會(huì)采取哪些“more sophisticated strategies”。
解釋為什么雜草在肥沃土地上的生長(zhǎng)和它們對(duì)清除方法的抵抗會(huì)導(dǎo)致需要更復(fù)雜的策略。
2. “Since weeds in fertile regions have a wide range of adaptive traits that allow them to compete successfully with cultivated plants for resources, one might assume that the development of weed resistant crop varieties is a high priority research area.”
從這句話推斷出雜草與栽培植物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的資源可能包括哪些？
說明為什么開發(fā)抗雜草作物品種會(huì)是一個(gè)重點(diǎn)研究領(lǐng)域。
答案
一、句子理解練習(xí)
1.主干部分：Weeds are the bane and they seem to thrive。
“bane”意思是“禍根；災(zāi)星”；“tenacity”意思是“堅(jiān)韌；頑強(qiáng)”。
翻譯：雜草是園丁的心頭大患，而且在肥沃的土壤中，它們似乎以一種難以輕易根除的頑強(qiáng)生命力茁壯成長(zhǎng)。
2.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：句子的主干是“The rapid growth of weeds is a result of their efficient adaptation mechanisms”，“which enable them to take full advantage of the favorable conditions”是一個(gè)定語從句，用來修飾“mechanisms”，說明這種適應(yīng)機(jī)制的作用是使雜草能夠充分利用有利條件。
“efficient adaptation mechanisms”意思是“高效的適應(yīng)機(jī)制”，在這里指雜草為了生存和生長(zhǎng)所具備的.能有效適應(yīng)環(huán)境的一些生理或生態(tài)特征。
翻譯：雜草在養(yǎng)分充足的土地上快速生長(zhǎng)是它們高效適應(yīng)機(jī)制的結(jié)果，這種機(jī)制使它們能夠充分利用有利的環(huán)境條件。
二、句子簡(jiǎn)化練習(xí)
1. 在肥沃的土地上，營養(yǎng)豐富且環(huán)境利于生長(zhǎng)，雜草不僅生長(zhǎng)快，還會(huì)發(fā)展龐大的根系深入土壤，很難完全根除。簡(jiǎn)化后：In fertile land, weeds grow fast and have extensive root systems and are hard to uproot.
2. 雜草在肥沃地區(qū)因能產(chǎn)生大量種子而增多，這些種子能在土壤中休眠很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，在條件最佳（如溫暖潮濕的春天）時(shí)發(fā)芽。簡(jiǎn)化后：Weeds in fertile areas grow more because they produce many seeds that can lie dormant and germinate in good conditions.
三、句子推斷練習(xí)
1. 可能采取的策略包括使用更有效的除草劑、采用覆蓋作物抑制雜草生長(zhǎng)、進(jìn)行輪作讓雜草難以適應(yīng)環(huán)境、利用生物防治方法（如引入雜草天敵）等。
因?yàn)殡s草在肥沃土地上生長(zhǎng)旺盛，簡(jiǎn)單的清除方法難以去除它們。如果不采用更復(fù)雜的策略，雜草會(huì)搶奪作物的養(yǎng)分、水分和空間，影響農(nóng)作物的生長(zhǎng)和收成。
2.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的資源可能包括土壤中的養(yǎng)分、水分、陽光和空間。
因?yàn)殡s草有各種適應(yīng)特性來和栽培植物競(jìng)爭(zhēng)資源，會(huì)影響栽培植物的生長(zhǎng)和產(chǎn)量。所以為了減少雜草對(duì)栽培植物的負(fù)面影響，開發(fā)抗雜草作物品種就顯得尤為重要，這可以幫助農(nóng)作物在和雜草的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中占據(jù)優(yōu)勢(shì)，保證農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的效益。
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