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職稱英語歷年真題綜合類B閱讀判斷精選
2017年職稱英語考試復(fù)習(xí)已經(jīng)開始，為了讓大家了解職稱英語考試難易程度，以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關(guān)于職稱英語歷年真題綜合類B閱讀判斷精選，供大家備考。
Kicking the Habit
What is a bad habit? The most definition is that it is something that we do regularly, almost without thinking about it, and which has some sort of negative consequence. This consequence could affect those around us, or it could affect us personally. Those who deny having bad habits are probably lying. Bad habits are part of what makes us human.
Many early habits, like sucking out thumb, are broken when we are very young. We are either told to stop doing it by our parents, or we consciously or subconsciously observe that others do not have the same habit, and we gradually grow out of it. It is when we intentionally or unintentionally pick up new habits in our later childhood or early adulthood that it becomes a problem. Unless we can break that habit early on, it becomes a part of our life, and becomes "programmed" into our brain.
A recent study of human memory suggests that no matter how hard we try to change out habits,it is the old ways that tend to win, especially in situations where we are rushed, stressed or overworked. Habits that we thought we had got rid of can suddenly come back. During the study program, the researchers showed a group of volunteers several pictures, and gave them words to associate with them. They then showed the volunteers the same picture again, and gave them new words to associate with them.
A few days later, the volunteers were given a test. The researchers showed them the pictures,and told them to respond with one of the words they had been given for each one. It came as no surprise that their answers were split between the first set of words and second. Two weeks later,they were given the same test again. This time, most of them only gave the first set of words. They appeared to have completely forgotten the second set.
The study confirms that theresponses we learn first are those that remain strongest over time.
We may try to change out ways, but after a while, the response that comes to mind first is usually the first one we learned. The more that response is used, the more automatic it becomes and the harder it becomes to respond in any other way.
The study therefore suggests that over time, our bad habits also become automatic, learned behavior. This is not good news for people who pick up bad habits early in life and now want to change or break them. Even when we try to put new, good intentions into practice, those previous learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.
16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. Bad habits may return when we are under pressure.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond what to get rid of.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. If we develop bad habits early in life, they are harder to get rid of.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案與解析
16.C。題干：男孩通常在年紀(jì)非常小的時候養(yǎng)成壞習(xí)慣。利用boys和bad habit進(jìn)行定位，通篇都沒有提到這個話題，因此答案為C。
17.B。題干：只有別人告訴我們，我們才能改掉不良習(xí)慣。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞breakbadhabits可以定位到第二段第二句，即“我們或者被父母告知要停止這個習(xí)慣，或者有意或無意地觀察到其他人沒有同樣的習(xí)慣，然后就逐漸改掉了壞習(xí)慣”。由此可知，改掉壞習(xí)慣一有兩個途徑。因此題干信息與原文信息不一致，故選B。
18.A。題干：當(dāng)我們有壓力時，壞習(xí)慣可能會恢復(fù)。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞retum和pressure可以定位到第三段第一句，可知無論我們?nèi)绾闻Ω淖兞?xí)慣，它總是會贏了我們，特別是我們很著急、有壓力或者過度工作的時候。題干信息與原文信息一致，故選A。
19.B。題干：研究人員對志愿者在第一個測試中給出的答案感到吃驚。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞surprise可以定位到第四段第三句，可知研究人員對志愿者在第一個測驗(yàn)中得出的結(jié)果一點(diǎn)都不感到驚訝。題干信息與原文信息不一致，故選B。
20.C。題干：志愿者們發(fā)現(xiàn)第二次測試更加困難。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞more difficult和second進(jìn)行定位，文章沒有提及志愿者是否發(fā)現(xiàn)更難。因此答案為C未提及。
21.B。題干：研究表明，回應(yīng)要去除的東西更難。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞difficult和get rid of可以定位到第五段第二句，可知我們嘗試改變方式，但首先到我們腦海中的經(jīng)常是我們最開始學(xué)的，即要擺脫最先認(rèn)知的內(nèi)容是更困難的。題干信息與原文信息不一致，故選B。
22.A。題干：如果我們在早期養(yǎng)成了很多壞習(xí)慣，就很難將其擺脫。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞early和harder可以定位到最后一段，可知壞習(xí)慣慢慢就變成了自動的行為，一旦早期養(yǎng)成了壞習(xí)慣，在后期要改變或?qū)⑵浯蚱贫己茈y。題干信息與原文信息一致，故選A。
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