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職稱英語(yǔ)(衛(wèi)生B)閱讀理解練習(xí)題
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Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of thewestern world, delegates agreed at the 11thEuropean Conference on the issue in Vienna1Wednesday to Saturday. According to statementsbefore the opening of the conference _ of 2,000specialists from more than 50 countries 一 1. 2 billionpeople worldwide are overweight, and 250 million areobese.
Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said，“ Obesity is a chronic illness. InGermany，20 per cent of the people are already affected，but in Japan only one per cent. ” Buthe said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries andmedication.
Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said, "We are living in the new age (but) with themetabolism of a stone-age man.2" “I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. Apizza shop is springing up3 on every corner. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization. ”4
Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said, “Eightypercent of all diabetics are obese，also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressureand fifty per cent with adipose tissue complaints. ” "Ten per cent more weight means thirteenper cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen percent lower blood pressure. ”
Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve theirfinancing of preventive programs. "Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such asreducing the size of the stomach) when the body-mass index5 is more than 40. That isequivalent to6 a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters. One should start earlier. ”
Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school. “ Child obesity (fat deposits) correlateswith7 the time which children spend in front of TV sets. ”
The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than fifteen per cent of obese peoplelived to the average life expectancy8 for their population group.
譯文：肥胖癥——西方世界的災(zāi)禍
周三至周六，在維也納召開(kāi)的有關(guān)肥胖癥問(wèn)題的第11次歐洲會(huì)議上，代表們一致同意，肥胖癥 正在迅速成為西方世界的災(zāi)禍。共有來(lái)自50多個(gè)國(guó)家的2,000位專家參加了這一會(huì)議，會(huì)議于開(kāi)始時(shí)宣布：全世界有12億人體重超重，而2. 5億人肥胖。
維也納總醫(yī)院的Bemhard Ludvik教授說(shuō)：“肥胖癥是慢性病。德國(guó)20%的人已經(jīng)患有肥胖癥， 而日本卻只有1%。”但是他說(shuō)，多虧了新的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)及藥物，肥胖癥患者有了希望。
薩爾茨堡的Friedrich Hopichler教授說(shuō)：“我們正生活在新時(shí)代，可是卻是石器時(shí)代人類的新陳 代謝。”“我剛?cè)チ嗣绹?guó)，情況的確很糟糕，每個(gè)角落都有比薩餅店開(kāi)業(yè)。我們已經(jīng)深受快餐食品和 可口可樂(lè)化的侵害。”
許多專家強(qiáng)調(diào)，肥胖癥是潛在的殺手。Hopichler說(shuō):“80%的糖尿病患者肥胖，而髙血壓和脂肪 組織疾病患者伴有肥胖癥的都各為50%。” “體重增加10%意味著患心臟病的危險(xiǎn)增加13%。體重 減少10%可導(dǎo)致血壓降低13%。”
另一名專家Hermann Toplak說(shuō)政府的健康部門(mén)應(yīng)該加大對(duì)預(yù)防項(xiàng)目的資助。“當(dāng)體質(zhì)指數(shù)大 于40時(shí)，盡管是由健康保險(xiǎn)支付手術(shù)費(fèi)(諸如縮胃手術(shù))，但體質(zhì)指數(shù)大于40時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)身高 1. 70米的人體重達(dá)到116千克。應(yīng)該提早啟動(dòng)預(yù)防工作。”
Ludvik說(shuō):預(yù)防應(yīng)從學(xué)校做起。“兒童肥胖癥(脂肪堆積)與兒童用來(lái)看電視的時(shí)間有關(guān)。” 造成的結(jié)果只是在以后才顯現(xiàn)的，僅有15%的肥胖者活到了其所屬人群的平均預(yù)期壽命。
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