- 相關(guān)推薦
2017年9月公共英語(yǔ)一級(jí)考試模擬真題及答案
【第一題】
Antarctica and Environment
Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station - a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world‘s environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere， Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.
Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States， Switzerland， and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet - a concern they believe the world at large should share.
The Transantarctic Mountain， some of them more than 14，000 feet high， divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the “east” of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. “West” of the mountain， the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet， but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared， the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.
While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments， others focus on the mysterious “dry valley” of Antarctica， valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land， these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9，000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone， perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10，000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges， rippled fields of sand dunes， clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds， and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.
Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys， some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.
1. What is the best title for this passage?
[A]Antarctica and environmental Problems.
[B]Antarctica： Earth‘s Early-Warning station.
[C]Antarctica： a Unique Observation Post.
[D]Antarctica： a Mysterious Place.
2. What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?
[A]The western part of the continent would be disappeared.
[B]The western part of the continent would be reduced.
[C]The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.
[D]The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.
3. Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?
[A]Vicious wind blasts the snow away.
[B]It rarely snows.
[C]Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.
[D]Sand dunes.
4. Which of the following is true?
[A]The “Dry Valleys” have nothing left inside.
[B]The “Dry Valleys” never held glaciers.
[C]The “Dry Valleys” may carry a message of hope for the verdant.
[D]The “Dry Valleys” are useless to scientists.
,
Vocabulary
1. distant-early-warning sensor 遠(yuǎn)距離早期報(bào)警傳感器
2. plateau 高原，高地
3. slash 揮砍
4. blast 一陣疾風(fēng)/狂風(fēng)
5. vicious 邪惡的，兇魔般的
6. gorge 峽谷
7. ripple 起伏，使起微波
8. sand dune 沙丘
9. verdant 綠色
10. extraterrestrial 地球之外的
11. aura 氣氛
難句譯注
1. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor， where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.
「結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析」see … as 把……看作。Where定從修飾Antarctic
答案詳解
1. A 南極洲和環(huán)境問(wèn)題。
B. 南極洲：地球最早的報(bào)警戰(zhàn)。
C.南極洲：獨(dú)一無(wú)二的觀察哨。
D. 南極洲：神秘的地方。三項(xiàng)都是總內(nèi)容眾的組成部分。
2. D 大陸西部成為一群島嶼。第三段“橫斷南極的山脈， 有的高達(dá)一萬(wàn)四千多英尺，把這大陸分成情況各異的兩個(gè)地區(qū)。山脈以東的大陸部分是由差不多兩英里厚的冰層覆蓋的高原;山脈以西，即美洲以南的半個(gè)大陸也為冰層所覆蓋�？墒�，這里冰層覆蓋在大大低于海平面的巖石。如果西南極洲冰層消失，那這大陸西部將成為稀疏的島群。”
A. 大陸西部將小時(shí)。
B. 大陸西部縮小。
D. 大陸西部將成為分散的島嶼。
3. C 因?yàn)榈厍蜃兣涂耧L(fēng)勁吹。在第四段：“……這些干谷甚至在寒冬季節(jié)也很少有冰雪。它們插在南維多利亞陸地的山脈中， 一度曾有從極地高原到羅斯海的深度為9000英尺的冰河�，F(xiàn)在冰河已不存在，很可能是冰期之后一萬(wàn)年間地球變暖的結(jié)果。即使落入干谷的雪也被從極地高原咆哮入海的邪惡狂風(fēng)吹散了。留下來(lái)的是裸露的壯觀的峽谷，沙丘起伏的原野，被時(shí)速一百英里的大風(fēng)雕刻成奇形怪狀的大礫石，形成與世隔絕的荒涼景象。”
A. 邪惡的狂風(fēng)吹走了雪。
B. 它很少下雪。
D. 沙丘。這三項(xiàng)只是干谷現(xiàn)象的一部分。
4. C 他們可能為地球上綠色地區(qū)帶來(lái)了希望的信息。答案是第五段第一句“盡管干谷具有神秘的一面科學(xué)家卻相信他們可能為地球上蔥綠的地方帶來(lái)了希望的信息。”
A.干谷內(nèi)什么都沒(méi)有留下。
B. 干谷內(nèi)從沒(méi)有冰河。
D. 按照科學(xué)家的看法， 干谷毫無(wú)用處。
【第二題】
Contribution of Coeducation
Imagining being asked to spend twelve or so years of your life in a society which consisted only of members of own sex. How would you react? Unless there was something definitely wrong with you， you wouldn’t be too happy about it， to say the least. It is all the more surprising therefore that so many parents in the world choose to impose such abnormal conditions on their children - conditions which they themselves wouldn’t put up with for one minute!
Any discussion of this topic is bound to question the aims of education. Stuffing children’s heads full of knowledge is far from being foremost among them. One of the chief aims of educations is to equip future citizens with all they require to take their place in adult society. Now adult society is made up of men and women， so how can a segregated school possibly offer the right sort of preparation for it? Anyone entering adult society after years of segregation can only be in for a shock.
A co-educational school offers children nothing less than a true version of society in miniature. Boys and girls are given the opportunity to get to know each other， to learn to live together from their earliest years. They are put in a position where they can compare themselves with each other in terms of academic ability， athletic achievement and many of the extra-curricular activities which are part of school life. What a practical advantage it is ( to give just a small example ) to be able to put on a school play in which the male parts will be taken by boys and the female parts by girls! What nonsense co-education makes of the argument that boys are cleverer than girl or vice-versa. When segregated， boys and girls are made to feel that they are a race apart. Rivalry between the sexes is fostered. In a coeducational school， everything falls into its proper place.
But perhaps the greatest contribution of co-education is the healthy attitude to life it encourages. Boys don’t grow up believing that women are mysterious creatures - airy goddesses， more like book-illustrations to a fairy-tale， than human beings. Girls don’t grow up imagining that men are romantic heroes. Years of living together at school dispel illusions of this kind. There are no goddesses with freckles， pigtails， piercing voices and inky fingers. There are no romantic heroes with knobbly knees， dirty fingernails and unkempt hair. The awkward stage of adolescence brings into sharp focus some of the physical and emotional problems involved in growing up. These can better be overcome in a co-educational environment. Segregated schools sometimes provide the right conditions for sexual deviation. This is hardly possible under a co-educational system. When the time comes for the pupils to leave school， they are fully prepared to enter society as well-adjusted adults. They have already had years of experience in coping with many of the problems that face men and women.
1. What is the best title for this passage?
[A] only co-education can be in harmony with society.
[B] people are in great need of co-education.
[C] any form of education other than co-education is simply unthinkable.
[D] co-education has many features.
2. what does co-education offer to children?
[A] A society.
[B] A true small model of society.
[C] A real life.
[D] True version of social condition.
3. According to the passage， what is one of the chief aims of education?
[A] It is for students to acquire knowledge.
[B] It is to equip future citizens with scientific technology.
[C] It is to equip future citizens with what is required in getting a position in society.
[D] It is for students to get academic achievements.
4. Why do boys and girls in co-education have no illusion about each other?
[A] They live together and know each other too well.
[B] Years of living together at school dismiss such illusion.
[C] co-education encourage them to have an healthy attitude toward life.
[D] They are familiar with each other’s problems.
Vocabulary
1. to be in for = receive 接受
He is in for punishment. 他受到懲罰。
2. miniature 縮樣，雛形，微型畫(huà)
3. freckle 雀斑
4. pigtail 鞭子
5. knobbly = knobby 多節(jié)的
6. unkempt 亂七八糟，蓬亂的
7. sharp focus = clear view
bring into focus 使集中在焦點(diǎn)上，對(duì)光
bring into sharp focus 這里的意義是：一目了然，明顯突出
8. deviation 越軌，偏離，入歧途
答案詳解
1. C 除了男女合校，其他形式的教育簡(jiǎn)直難以想象。答案見(jiàn)第一段“設(shè)想請(qǐng)你在一個(gè)只有你一樣性別的人存在的社會(huì)生活12年光景，你會(huì)如何反應(yīng)呢?除非你本人確實(shí)有毛病，否則，你至少不會(huì)太高興。因此，世界上有那么多的父母愿意把這種不正常的環(huán)境(他們自己一分鐘都受不了的環(huán)境)強(qiáng)加給他們的孩子們，這太令人驚訝!”第二段講“教育的目的之一就是為未來(lái)的公民在成人社會(huì)中找一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好需要的一切。而社會(huì)由男女組成，那分校又怎能準(zhǔn)備?”后兩段講合校之優(yōu)點(diǎn)，分校之缺點(diǎn)，具體對(duì)比突出主題。這都說(shuō)明C 最合適。
A. 只有合校才能和社會(huì)相協(xié)調(diào)。
D. 合校有許多特點(diǎn)。這兩項(xiàng)文章內(nèi)容涉及到，但作為最佳標(biāo)題則不確切。
B. 人們非常需要合校。文內(nèi)沒(méi)有直接談到。
2. B 一個(gè)真實(shí)社會(huì)的縮影。這在第三段第一句“男女合校確實(shí)能給孩子們提供一個(gè)社會(huì)真實(shí)的縮影。”下面的內(nèi)容都是圍繞這個(gè)主題而寫(xiě)的具體情況。如：生活在一起，彼此了解，對(duì)比等。
A. 社會(huì)。
C. 一種真實(shí)的生活。
D. 真實(shí)的社會(huì)情況。都沒(méi)有B項(xiàng)那樣確切。
3. C 為未來(lái)公民在社會(huì)上擁有一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好所需要的一切。這在第二段“這個(gè)話(huà)題的討論必然會(huì)引出教育目的的問(wèn)題。把各種知識(shí)塞進(jìn)孩子頭腦遠(yuǎn)不是教育主要的目的，教育的主要目的之一是為未來(lái)公民在成人社會(huì)求得一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好所需一切。”
A. 學(xué)生學(xué)到只是。
B. 以科技武裝未來(lái)公民。
C.為學(xué)生缺德學(xué)術(shù)成就。都只是知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)部分。
4.B 幾年學(xué)校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中，“在學(xué)校中，幾年生活在一起消除這一類(lèi)的幻想。沒(méi)有什么臉上有雀斑，梳著鞭子，涂著指甲，尖的噪音的女神，也沒(méi)有膝部有疙瘩，指甲臟兮兮，頭發(fā)亂蓬蓬的浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明顯呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中身體上和感情上的問(wèn)題，在男女合校環(huán)境中得到很好的解決。”
A. 他們生活在一起，彼此太了解。此答案太過(guò)，不是太了解而不產(chǎn)生幻想，而是了解情況;真人就在眼前，人就實(shí)際了，消除了幻想。
C. 合校鼓勵(lì)他們對(duì)生活有一種健康積極的態(tài)度。這是合校的大方向，不是消除幻想的根本原因。
D. 他們熟悉彼此的問(wèn)題。不全是消除幻想之因，而是處理問(wèn)題的前奏。這在最后一段最后兩句話(huà)有說(shuō)明“當(dāng)學(xué)生離校的時(shí)刻來(lái)到時(shí)，他們已是很有適應(yīng)性的成人，為進(jìn)入社會(huì)做好了充分準(zhǔn)備。他們已有幾年處理面臨男女的許多問(wèn)題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。”
【9月公共英語(yǔ)一級(jí)考試模擬真題及答案】相關(guān)文章：
翻譯資格考試中級(jí)口譯模擬真題答案10-09
2024年司法考試《卷三》模擬真題及答案05-12
四級(jí)秘書(shū)資格證考試模擬真題及答案202409-06
2017年初級(jí)出版考試模擬真題04-07
護(hù)士資格考試專(zhuān)業(yè)實(shí)務(wù)真題及答案05-10