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翻譯資格考試中級(jí)口譯模擬真題答案
無(wú)論在學(xué)習(xí)或是工作中,我們會(huì)經(jīng)常接觸并使用試題,通過(guò)試題可以檢測(cè)參試者所掌握的知識(shí)和技能。你所見(jiàn)過(guò)的試題是什么樣的呢?以下是小編為大家整理的翻譯資格考試中級(jí)口譯模擬真題答案,歡迎閱讀與收藏。
翻譯資格考試中級(jí)口譯模擬真題答案 1
原文:
越來(lái)越多受英文教育的海外華人父母,已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí),也通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起,讓他們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。
這些人對(duì)中文的.態(tài)度幾乎沒(méi)有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí),他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文。現(xiàn)在,他們已開(kāi)始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化,而且還不時(shí)走訪中國(guó),欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光,認(rèn)識(shí)豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。
譯文:
An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.
They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.
解析:
本段是一篇文化類介紹文章?傮w難度一般,以句號(hào)結(jié)束的句子即可作為一個(gè)意群,考生基本不用自行判斷、劃分。文中的長(zhǎng)句可使用中國(guó)考生特別熟悉的從句進(jìn)行翻譯,如第一句的“已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到……的同時(shí),也通曉中文的重要性”,就可以用從屬連詞while 連接,第一段的最后一句“掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處……”由which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句也可迎刃而解。當(dāng)然,要翻譯好本段,選詞很重要。如第一句中“越來(lái)越多的華人父母認(rèn)識(shí)到……”,如果你和大多數(shù)人一樣,翻譯成“more and more parents…”就顯得很普通,而“an increasing number of…”則地道很多;又如第一段最后一句“既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化!崩挠昧恕癳nhance”和“facilitate”兩個(gè)詞,富于變化;文中許多考生容易使用副詞的地方,譯者都巧妙地運(yùn)用形容詞來(lái)替代,如將“積極支持”譯為“give full support to”,將“不時(shí)走訪”譯為“make occasional visits”,讀來(lái)原汁原味,彰顯了譯者扎實(shí)的翻譯功底,給考官留下了一個(gè)相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的印象,也為自己加分不少。
翻譯資格考試中級(jí)口譯模擬真題答案 2
原文:
出自Newsweek
Why We Must Fire Bad Teachers
The relative decline of American education at the elementary- and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nations future. Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world. Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Lithuania, behind at least 10 other nations.
For much of this time—roughly the last half century—professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well. They tried New Math, open classrooms, Whole Language—but nothing seemed to achieve significant or lasting improvements.
Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied. What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, or even the curriculum, is the quality of the teacher. Much of the ability to teach is innate—an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess (and some people definitely do not). Teaching can be taught, to some degree, but not the way many graduate schools of education do it, with a lot of insipid or marginally relevant theorizing and pedagogy. In any case the research shows that within about five years, you can generally tell who is a good teacher and who is not.
我們?yōu)槭裁幢仨毥型!安环Q職”的老師?
一直以來(lái),美國(guó)初高中教育質(zhì)量的相對(duì)下降對(duì)整個(gè)民族的將來(lái)來(lái)說(shuō),不僅僅是窘境也是一種威脅。從前,美國(guó)學(xué)生比世界上任何一個(gè)國(guó)家的學(xué)生都更擅長(zhǎng)于測(cè)試。而現(xiàn)在,與歐洲學(xué)校的孩子相比,美國(guó)學(xué)生的水平僅與立陶宛旗鼓相當(dāng)——被其他10個(gè)國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)甩開(kāi)。
就過(guò)去這個(gè)時(shí)代而言,粗略來(lái)講,上個(gè)世紀(jì)的后五十年,教育界專家們認(rèn)為如果他們能找到正確的教學(xué)法,能用正確的方法給予教導(dǎo),那么這種教育將是無(wú)可挑剔的。為此,他們嘗試過(guò)集論教學(xué)體系、開(kāi)放式教室、全語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí),但是似乎看起來(lái)無(wú)一能取得意義深遠(yuǎn)或是持久的改善。
而在近些年來(lái),研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些看起來(lái)十分明顯,但卻由于各種各樣的原因而被忽視或否定的東西。他們認(rèn)為,造成這種差異的,比教學(xué)規(guī)模和教科書(shū)更為重要的,比教學(xué)方法或者科技手段更不容忽略的,是教師的質(zhì)量。教書(shū)育人的能力大多是與生俱來(lái)的,即激發(fā)朝氣蓬勃的思想、駕馭難以管教的班級(jí)。這種能力是一些人與生俱來(lái)的;很明顯,一些人并不具有這種品質(zhì)。在一定程度上,“教”是可以被傳授的,但這種“教”并不意味著就是許多所謂的教育學(xué)研究生院課上所教的那樣——灌輸?shù)拇蠖际切┛菰锓ξ肚绎L(fēng)馬牛不相及的理論和教學(xué)法?傊@項(xiàng)研究表明,五年內(nèi),你就可以辨別出哪些是優(yōu)秀的老師,而哪些并不是。
評(píng)析:
本文是一篇新聞,難度適中。新聞稿的翻譯和散文不同,散文重點(diǎn)要突出原文的行文情感,文筆特點(diǎn),而新聞稿的翻譯重點(diǎn)在于,突出內(nèi)容的客觀性和真實(shí)性,抓住主題和作者觀點(diǎn)。
這篇新聞主要介紹了美國(guó)教育界的一些問(wèn)題,作者的觀點(diǎn)是:在教育方面,教育法,教育硬件設(shè)置,甚至課程安排都不如老師水平來(lái)得重要。而教師的教學(xué)水平很大一部分是天生的。
本篇翻譯的難度主要在于一些長(zhǎng)難句的拆分,在面對(duì)這樣的.長(zhǎng)難句時(shí),考生們首先應(yīng)該端正心態(tài),然后運(yùn)用一些對(duì)美國(guó)教育的了解,以及邏輯思維,再加上語(yǔ)法知識(shí),進(jìn)行分析。
同時(shí)也出現(xiàn)了pedagogy,insipid,這樣的一些生詞,對(duì)于pedagogy這樣的反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的生詞,可以根據(jù)上下文來(lái)猜測(cè),就是teaching method的意思。而一些insipid這樣的,不影響理解的修飾性的詞語(yǔ),就可以暫時(shí)跳過(guò),先抓住整篇文章的主旨。
總而言之,對(duì)于長(zhǎng)難句的分析能力,是各位同學(xué)在平時(shí)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)過(guò)程中需要積累和鍛煉的一種能力,而談到單詞,也是需要大家平時(shí)多多廣泛閱讀來(lái)拓展詞匯量的。
翻譯資格考試中級(jí)口譯模擬真題答案 3
原文
A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing; that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse; and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.
A minority, though, are sceptical. Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end. Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.
We believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it. That is the job of the politicians. But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty. There are no certainties in science. Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again. That is the job of the scientists.
參考答案
世界上大部分氣候?qū)W家已經(jīng)使他們自己及許多普通民眾(包括一些政界人士)確信,地球的氣候正處于變化之中;對(duì)人類而言,這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重;罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟惢顒?dòng),其表現(xiàn)形式為過(guò)量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。
但是,仍有一小部分人對(duì)此持懷疑態(tài)度。一些人表示,雖然近期的數(shù)據(jù)表明地球的平均氣溫正在升高,但其原因是太陽(yáng)輻射的自然波動(dòng),這一趨勢(shì)可能臨近結(jié)束。另一些人認(rèn)為并沒(méi)有決定性證據(jù)表明近現(xiàn)代的地球溫度高于古代。
我們認(rèn)為,全球變暖是人類面臨的嚴(yán)重威脅,世界各國(guó)需要采取措施,竭力避免這一問(wèn)題。這是政治家的職責(zé)。但是我們也相信氣候變化并不是必然的。科學(xué)無(wú)絕對(duì)。盛行的理論必須不斷得到實(shí)際證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn)。一旦搜集到了新的證據(jù),就需要進(jìn)行再次驗(yàn)證。這是科學(xué)家的任務(wù)。
新東方解析
本次中口英譯漢的文章節(jié)選自《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》(The Economist)網(wǎng)站2009年11月26日的文章A heated debate,屬于環(huán)保類題材,文字難度偏低。各段的考點(diǎn)毫無(wú)新意,都是在課上反復(fù)講解并訓(xùn)練過(guò)的技巧。考生應(yīng)該保證在這一篇上拿到高分。
文章一共三段,難度相對(duì)較大的'是第一段,整段是一句長(zhǎng)句,其結(jié)構(gòu)非常清晰:A have convinced themselves and B that 1; that 2; and that 3.中文大意是A(氣候?qū)W家)使自己及B(普通民眾)確信三件事情。只要把整句結(jié)構(gòu)理順,之后只要“填空”即可。三件事情依次是:地球的氣候正處于變化之中;對(duì)人類而言,這一變化正日趨嚴(yán)重;罪魁禍?zhǔn)资侨祟惢顒?dòng),其表現(xiàn)形式為過(guò)量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。
第二段是第一段的對(duì)照,主要講述另一部分人的觀點(diǎn)。第一句話(A minority, though, are sceptical.)中minority呼應(yīng)了第一段中的majority,其中的though作插于語(yǔ)使用表轉(zhuǎn)折功能,這一考點(diǎn)在中口以前的英譯漢文章里考過(guò)。之后段落繼續(xù)分出兩條支線,細(xì)述兩部分反對(duì)者的觀點(diǎn)。句法層面沒(méi)有難點(diǎn),詞匯層面注意單詞explain。在中口的課上反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)上下文定詞義,同學(xué)不要一看到explain就翻成“解釋”,而是需要根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境選擇精致的釋義。在這里,A are explained by B直譯為A能夠被B解釋略帶翻譯腔,其實(shí)這一結(jié)構(gòu)只是表示原因,所以還不如譯為更為簡(jiǎn)潔的“因?yàn)椤薄?/p>
第三段給出了作者自己的觀點(diǎn),主要是對(duì)政治家和科學(xué)家分別提出了期望。比較重要的一句是倒數(shù)第二句,其中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)需要處理到位。英語(yǔ)多被動(dòng),漢語(yǔ)多主動(dòng),這一英漢差異需要在翻譯中進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)化。theories must be constantly tested against evidence可以翻成理論必須得到證據(jù)的檢驗(yàn),也可以添加泛指性主語(yǔ)“我們”翻成我們需要用證據(jù)對(duì)理論進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。
翻譯資格考試中級(jí)口譯模擬真題答案 4
【原文】
Americans are much more likely than citizens of other nations to believe that they live in a meritocracy, i.e. Government by people selected according to merit. But this self-image is a fantasy: America actually stands out as a the advanced country in which it matters most who your parents were, the country in which those born on one of society’s lower rungs have the least chance of climbing to the top or even to the middle.
And if you ask why America is more class-bound in practice than the rest of the Western world, a large part of the reason is that our government falls down on the job of creating equal opportunity.
The failure starts early: in America, the holes in the social safety net mean that both low-income mothers and their children are all too likely to suffer from poor nutrition and receive inadequate health care. It continues once children reach school age, where they encounter a system in which the affluent send their kids to good, well-financed public schools or, if they choose, to private schools, while less-advantaged children get a far worse education.
【參考譯文】
美國(guó)人可能比任何其他國(guó)家的人都更相信他們生活在一個(gè)精英制度之下,人們推選的政府也是據(jù)其優(yōu)勢(shì)。然而,這個(gè)自我形象是一種幻想:作為先進(jìn)國(guó)家,實(shí)際上美國(guó)的突出特點(diǎn)是出身至關(guān)重要,在這個(gè)國(guó)度里,來(lái)自社會(huì)底層的人幾乎沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)爬到社會(huì)中層,更不用說(shuō)社會(huì)頂層。
如果你要問(wèn)為什么實(shí)際上美國(guó)比其他西方國(guó)家都要階級(jí)分明,主要原因就是我們的政府在創(chuàng)造公平機(jī)會(huì)方面的失敗。
這種不公平很早以前就開(kāi)始了:在美國(guó),由于社會(huì)安存在漏洞,這就意味著低收入的母親和他們的孩子完全有可能存在營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良,得不到足夠的醫(yī)療服務(wù)。孩子到了上學(xué)年齡這種情況也不會(huì)得到改觀,他們所遇到的'體制是富人可以送自己的孩子到資金充足的好的公立學(xué)校上學(xué),如果愿意,還可以從送到私立學(xué)校上學(xué),而窮人孩子接受的教育卻非常差。
【評(píng)析】
這篇文章出自克魯格曼《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》專欄文章America‘s Unlevel Field(“并不公平的美國(guó)競(jìng)技場(chǎng) ”),繼續(xù)抨擊共和黨總統(tǒng)候選人羅姆尼。同學(xué)平時(shí)備考選材多注意這些外國(guó)報(bào)刊文章。這篇文章的難度比較適中,其中第一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句是難點(diǎn),也是理解整個(gè)短文的重點(diǎn)。
關(guān)鍵詞
meritocracy 英才教育(制度),精英 理的社會(huì)
self-image 自我形象,自我定位
stand out 突出,引人注目
affluent 富裕的,豐富的
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