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SAT作文常見錯(cuò)誤歸納
無論在學(xué)習(xí)、工作或是生活中，大家總少不了接觸作文吧，通過作文可以把我們那些零零散散的思想，聚集在一塊。如何寫一篇有思想、有文采的作文呢？下面是小編精心整理的SAT作文常見錯(cuò)誤歸納，歡迎大家分享。
在SAT作文中，很多考生在語法方面的失誤和表義上的含糊不清直接導(dǎo)致了語言質(zhì)量的下降，甚至很多時(shí)候無法讓考官理解他們所要表達(dá)的意思，因而使作文停留在6分-8分的階段而無法更進(jìn)一步。句子結(jié)構(gòu)，也因此成為很多同學(xué)的“痛腳”之一。在本文中會(huì)根據(jù)同學(xué)的實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練，對(duì)作文中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的各種錯(cuò)誤加以概括和總結(jié)，使同學(xué)們更好的了解語法和表義方面一些頻繁出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤，從而更好的改善自己作文的語言質(zhì)量。
錯(cuò)誤一：句子結(jié)構(gòu)冗余或缺失
很多同學(xué)雖然對(duì)于基本的句子結(jié)構(gòu)條條是道，娓娓道來，真正應(yīng)用在自己所寫的長句中的時(shí)候，卻容易顧此失彼，錯(cuò)誤百出。很多時(shí)候是因?yàn)檫^于關(guān)注句子的長度和用詞的難度，卻忽略了基本的主謂賓搭配已經(jīng)歪曲了。
Steve Jobs, the brilliant and talented leader of Apple, who wins the battle in harsh consumer market with great creativity.
Thomas Edison who was one of the greatest inventors in the history. In his life, the most famous and important invention was electric light.
這兩個(gè)句子反映了7分左右的考生最常見的語法錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)橛帽容^長的同位語或定語從句來修飾句子的主語，卻忘記了這個(gè)句子其實(shí)已經(jīng)沒有謂語動(dòng)詞了。
According to those two examples, that’s why I agree that those people who are confident and optimistic can change their lives easily.
這個(gè)句子則是出現(xiàn)了另一個(gè)極端，according to…., that is why…表義過于重復(fù)。完全可以去掉其中的一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。
錯(cuò)誤二：連詞的誤用
很多同學(xué)都明白，在基本的語法規(guī)則里，兩個(gè)句子之間一定要有連詞來過渡和銜接。但是真正動(dòng)筆的時(shí)候，卻仍然是一“逗”到底，完全不考慮是否應(yīng)該根據(jù)句意間的關(guān)系來添加連詞或者把副詞和介詞混用為連詞。
Despite many other company are capable of producing such ordinary goods, Steve Jobs uses creativity to distinguish his products and apple from the crowd.
Despite和in spite of類似，都是介詞，后面應(yīng)該接sth或doing sth，而不能夠引導(dǎo)一個(gè)完整的句子。
The reason is because confidence and optimism can give people stimulation and impel them to achieve their goals.
Because是引導(dǎo)狀語從句的連詞，而不能夠放在be動(dòng)詞后面，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表語從句。這里應(yīng)該把because換成that，引導(dǎo)表示陳述語氣的表語從句。
However, during the time of inventing it, Edison had thousands of failures, but he never complained about that.
這里使用了太多的轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。However表示和上文形成語氣上的轉(zhuǎn)折，而后面一句又用了but，語氣過于跳躍，讓讀者很難跟得上作者的思路。
錯(cuò)誤三：邏輯主語不一致
分詞結(jié)構(gòu)能夠很好的豐富文章的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，從而改善整篇文章的語言質(zhì)量。但是如果用doing或done在句首或句尾的位置做狀語，則必須要注意這個(gè)動(dòng)詞和整個(gè)句子的主語要存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。很多同學(xué)都想當(dāng)然的根據(jù)自己的思路在句子中加上doing sth來表示原因或者結(jié)果，但卻沒有考慮好這個(gè)邏輯上的主被動(dòng)關(guān)系是否存在。
His products are well-known for the unique design, adding strong functions like tapping fingers to control the phone.
這句話中adding functions的動(dòng)作和主語products之間實(shí)際上是被動(dòng)的關(guān)系，“產(chǎn)品”被“添加”上了功能，因此應(yīng)該用added，而并非是adding。
Testing to have an extremely harsh disease, Stephen was predicated to live on only 2 years.
這句話中的錯(cuò)誤類似，Stephen Hawking應(yīng)該是被檢測(cè)出患有嚴(yán)重的疾病，因此應(yīng)該改為“tested”表示被動(dòng)。
錯(cuò)誤四：基本語法錯(cuò)誤，主謂一致，名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，時(shí)態(tài)等等
這里指的是很多已經(jīng)達(dá)到9分或10分的同學(xué)們?nèi)匀粫?huì)在“時(shí)間緊，任務(wù)重”的考場(chǎng)上出現(xiàn)很多基本的語法錯(cuò)誤，例如單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤，拼寫錯(cuò)誤，時(shí)態(tài)誤用等等。而這就需要同學(xué)們?cè)趧?dòng)筆時(shí)有意識(shí)的注意一些基本的語法規(guī)則，盡量減少這類錯(cuò)誤的出現(xiàn)。
Nowadays, people are facing much more difficulties to be unique but creativity is a trait that worth tracing because it is well-rewarded.
Worth是形容詞，因此應(yīng)該在前面加上be動(dòng)詞。
I totally agree that people who are confident and optimistic can change their lives easier than those people who are pessimistic.
Easy是形容詞，這里應(yīng)該換成副詞more easily。
When people have adversities, many people begin to complain the unfortunate situation, …
Complain通常作為不及物動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)，“抱怨某事”應(yīng)該加上介詞about。
錯(cuò)誤五：過渡過于生硬，頻繁使用連詞
有些同學(xué)受雅思托福作文的影響，總是試圖把引用名人事例寫成了分條列點(diǎn)的推理結(jié)構(gòu)，因此出現(xiàn)了非常僵化的“一二三四五”的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
Firstly, when Charles was 5, his little brother drowned in their mother’s backyard laundry tub in spite of Ray’s frantic efforts to save him. Secondly, Charles’ eyes began to mysteriously fail him. By the age of 7, Charles was blind. After that, he lost his beloved mother.
這一段的問題非常明顯，作者應(yīng)該講述一個(gè)故事，描述發(fā)生在Ray Charles身上的各種不幸，而不是一條一條的按順序列舉出他面臨的困難，從而破壞了文章的連貫性(cohesion)。
錯(cuò)誤六：論證過于抽象
有些同學(xué)仍然對(duì)于SAT作文的高分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有著錯(cuò)誤的認(rèn)知，認(rèn)為越是艱難晦澀的文字，越是高端的用詞，越能夠得到高分。實(shí)際上對(duì)于一篇作文而言，邏輯的清楚而深刻，用詞的恰當(dāng)和簡潔才是更重要的。語法結(jié)構(gòu)可以適當(dāng)?shù)呢S富，但是并不是無限度的使用抽象用詞甚至讓人難以理解作者的思路。例如：
“However” is always being seen. Sometimes the theorem testified to be quite true can be a paradox when scrutinized from a different angle.
這篇作文是論證Is there always another explanation or another point of view?這個(gè)題目。可以看出，“theorem”，“paradox”，“scrutinize”等用詞實(shí)際上使這個(gè)句子顯得別扭而拗口。
Change the glasses in front of your eyes and the world can be different.
“Glass in front of your eyes”出現(xiàn)在這里有些突然。
It makes people’s cognizance more objective and triggers a comprehensive realization.
這句話里面的cognizance和realization都比較抽象，不如換成更明確表義的詞語。
Individual is a main factor.
這是Can a small group of concerned individuals have a significant impact on the world?這篇作文的開頭段中的一個(gè)句子。很明顯，individual究竟是什么的重要因素，在這里沒有明確的指明，因而很突兀，而且空泛。
錯(cuò)誤七：連用小短句
這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤和上一個(gè)正好相反。有些同學(xué)不善于組織各個(gè)句子間的邏輯關(guān)系，而且把很多小短句羅列在一起，雖然語法上沒有什么大的失誤，但是卻使整個(gè)段落的結(jié)構(gòu)零散而分散，缺少整體的邏輯性。例如：
My family used to live in a village, but my parents went to urban to work and I to study. It was a long distance, so we had to spend an average of 3.5 hours in our car everyday. We had to get up early to set out and return home late at night.
這個(gè)小段落里包括了五個(gè)短句來交代“我”的家庭背景，非�，嵥椤�
Liu Xiang is a famous runner in China. We have also seen him as the pride of China until recently. Back then in 20xx Olympics, Liu Xiang astonished the world by getting the first place, Chinese were so excited.
這個(gè)句群里一共有四個(gè)句子，交代了Liu Xiang的身份，榮譽(yù)，獲獎(jiǎng)，中國人的反映等，實(shí)際上完全可以再簡練些，合并為兩個(gè)到三個(gè)長句。
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