2017年英語四級(jí)關(guān)于元宵節(jié)的翻譯練習(xí)
每年農(nóng)歷的正月十五日，春節(jié)剛過，迎來的就是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日--元宵節(jié)。下面是小編整理的關(guān)于元宵節(jié)的英語四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)，大家可以參考參考。
元宵節(jié)
與大多數(shù)中國節(jié)日一樣，元宵節(jié)同樣有自己的特色小吃，成為“湯圓”(也叫“元宵”)。湯圓外形圓圓的，外皮由糯米制成，內(nèi)陷或甜或辣。人們都說湯圓有兩個(gè)象征之意，一為農(nóng)歷的第一個(gè)月圓，二為家庭團(tuán)聚圓滿。元宵節(jié)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗中還有一部分是關(guān)于猜燈謎的游戲。在過去，這些謎語大多出自于模糊的文學(xué)典故和中國古典文學(xué)之中，所以猜燈謎以前多為知識(shí)份子的“領(lǐng)地”。踩高蹺，敲大鼓和舞龍獅也是元宵節(jié)主要的娛樂活動(dòng)。
參考翻譯：
Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, called “tang yuan”. These are round, glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings. The dumplings are said to symbolize both the first full moon and family utility and completeness. Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns. In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes. Stilt-walking, drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.
元宵節(jié)介紹
每年農(nóng)歷的正月十五日，春節(jié)剛過，迎來的就是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日--元宵節(jié)。元宵主要的活動(dòng)就是看燈。東漢明帝時(shí)期，明帝提倡佛教，聽說佛教有正月十五日僧人觀佛舍利，點(diǎn)燈敬佛的做法，就命令這一天夜晚在皇宮和寺廟里點(diǎn)燈敬佛，令士族庶民都掛燈。以后這種佛教禮儀節(jié)日逐漸形成民間盛大的節(jié)日。該節(jié)經(jīng)歷了由宮廷到民間，由中原到全國的發(fā)展過程。
直到今天，元宵點(diǎn)燈的`習(xí)俗仍然在中國的各地流傳的，各式各樣美麗的花燈在這一天都會(huì)點(diǎn)亮，孩子們提著自制的燈籠走街串巷，非常高興。猜燈謎也是元宵節(jié)的一項(xiàng)重要活動(dòng)，花燈的主人會(huì)將謎面寫在燈籠上，掛在門口，如果有人可以猜中，就能得到小小的禮物。這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)最早起源于宋朝，因?yàn)橹i語能啟迪智慧又饒有興趣，所以流傳過程中深受社會(huì)各階層的歡迎。
民間過元宵節(jié)吃元宵的習(xí)俗。元宵由糯米制成，或?qū)嵭�，或帶餡。餡有豆沙、白糖、山楂、各類果料等，食用時(shí)煮、煎、蒸、炸皆可。起初，人們把這種食物叫“浮圓子”，后來又叫“湯團(tuán)”或“湯圓”，這些名稱“團(tuán)圓”字音相近，取團(tuán)圓之意，象征全家人團(tuán)團(tuán)圓圓，和睦幸福，人們也以此懷念離別的親人,寄托了對(duì)未來生活的美好愿望。
隨著時(shí)間的推移，元宵節(jié)的活動(dòng)越來越多，白天有耍龍燈、耍獅子、踩高蹺、劃旱船扭秧歌、打太平鼓等傳統(tǒng)民俗表演。到了夜晚，除了五顏六色的美花燈之外，還有艷麗多姿的煙火。大多數(shù)家庭會(huì)在春節(jié)時(shí)留下一些煙花等到元宵節(jié)這天燃放，而一些地方政府也會(huì)舉辦煙花大會(huì)，當(dāng)新年的第一個(gè)月圓之夜在盛大的煙火表演中來臨時(shí)，人們都陶醉在這令人難忘了煙花與皎潔的明月中。
譯文：
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, usually in February or March in the Gregorian calendar. As early as the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 25), it had become a festival with great significance. This day's important activity is watching lanterns. Throughout the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), Buddhism flourished in China. One emperor heard that Buddhist monks would watch sarira, or remains from the cremation of Buddha's body, and light lanterns to worship Buddha on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month, so he ordered to light lanterns in the imperial palace and temples to show respect to Buddha on this day. Later, the Buddhist rite developed into a grand festival among common people and its influence expanded from the Central Plains to the whole of China.
Till today, the lantern festival is still held each year around the country. Lanterns of various shapes and sizes are hung in the streets, attracting countless visitors. Children will hold self-made or bought lanterns to stroll with on the streets, extremely excited. "Guessing lantern riddles"is an essential part of the Festival. Lantern owners write riddles on a piece of paper and post them on the lanterns. If visitors have solutions to the riddles, they can pull the paper out and go to the lantern owners to check their answer. If they are right, they will get a little gift. The activity emerged during people's enjoyment of lanterns in the Song Dynasty (960-1279). As riddle guessing is interesting and full of wisdom, it has become popular among all social strata.
People will eat yuanxiao, or rice dumplings, on this day, so it is also called the "Yuanxiao Festival."Yuanxiao also has another name, tangyuan. It is small dumpling balls made of glutinous rice flour with rose petals, sesame, bean paste, jujube paste, walnut meat, dried fruit, sugar and edible oil as filling. Tangyuan can be boiled, fried or steamed. It tastes sweet and delicious. What’s more, tangyuan in Chinese has a similar pronunciation with "tuanyuan”, meaning reunion. So people eat them to denote union, harmony and happiness for the family.
In the daytime of the Festival, performances such as a dragon lantern dance, a lion dance, a land boat dance, a yangge dance, walking on stilts and beating drums while dancing will be staged. On the night, except for magnificent lanterns, fireworks form a beautiful scene. Most families spare some fireworks from the Spring Festival and let them off in the Lantern Festival. Some local governments will even organize a fireworks party. On the night when the first full moon enters the New Year, people become really intoxicated by the imposing fireworks and bright moon in the sky.
燈謎
燈謎(lantern riddles )是指寫在彩燈上面的謎語。燈謎一般由三部分組成，即謎面、謎目(hint)和謎底。在燈謎中凡是謎面上有的字，在謎底中不能再出現(xiàn)。 燈謎里充滿著智慧，因此猜謎底顯得很有趣，這也使得猜燈謎成為元宵節(jié)的一項(xiàng)不可缺少的活動(dòng)。燈謎在中國源遠(yuǎn)流長，可以毫不夸張地說，燈謎體現(xiàn)著中國人民無窮的智慧。
參考翻譯:
Lantern riddles are riddles that are written on thelanterns. Generally, a lantern riddle consists of threeparts, namely the riddle, the hint and the answer.Any character that appears in the riddle cannot bein the answer again. Lantern riddles are full of wisdom, thus working out them can be muchfun, which makes guessing riddles an essential part of the activities in the Lantern Festival.The lantern riddle has a long history in China, and it is no exaggeration to say that it is areflection of infinite wisdom of the Chinese people.
1.由…組成：可以譯為consist of,也可譯為be made up of或becomposed of。
2.謎面、謎目和謎底：這三個(gè)詞如果理解不當(dāng)就會(huì)翻譯錯(cuò)誤。謎面是該條謎語的主題，也就是燈謎本身;謎目則是附加于謎面之后，為猜謎者劃定猜謎范圍的提示性語言;謎底即是正確答案。所以可譯為the riddle，the hint and theanswer。
3.不可缺少的：可譯為essential或indispensable。其所在句其實(shí)包含了兩重因果關(guān)系，翻譯時(shí)，前面第一重因果關(guān)系可用簡單的thus來體現(xiàn)，后面可用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句來體現(xiàn)。
4.可以毫不夸張地說：有固定譯法，即it is no exaggeration to say。
5.體現(xiàn)著：根據(jù)漢語中多動(dòng)詞而英語中多用名詞的習(xí)慣，可以把詞性轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞，即 a reflection of...
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