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定語從句三要素

時(shí)間:2024-02-27 11:13:45 芊喜 英語 我要投稿
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定語從句三要素

  定語從句作為英語語法,在學(xué)習(xí)過程中屬于中較難理解與掌握的部分,也正是由于其復(fù)雜程度較高、邏輯性較強(qiáng)、理解難度很大,屢屢讓童鞋們在考試中丟分?jǐn)?shù)、失信心、喪斗志!下面是小編整理的定語從句三要素,希望能夠幫助到大家。

  定語從句三要素

  I.從句中缺少主、賓、表:who(m) that which (as)

  1. Love is one big illusion I should try to forget(少賓語illusion)

  愛是一種假象,我應(yīng)該試圖去忘記它

  2. but there is something left in my head (=that is left in my head)

  但是總有一些事情停留在我的腦海里揮之不去

  3. Youre the one who set it up now(少主語the one)

  你就是讓我產(chǎn)生愛的那個(gè)人,4. youre the one to make it stop (=who made it stop)

  但是你現(xiàn)在也要讓它停止

  5. Im the one whos feeling lost right now(少主語the one)

  此時(shí)此刻我感到迷茫

  6. Now you want me to forget every little thing you said(少賓語every little thing)

  你要我忘記你說的任何事情

  7. but there is something left in my head (=that is left in my head)

  但總有些事情我忘不掉

  8. I wont forget the way youre kissing(少賓語the way——用that或inwhich,常省略)

  我忘不了我們的吻

  9. The feelings so strong were lasting for so long

  那感覺多么強(qiáng)烈,而且會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)留在我心中

  10. But Im not the man your heart is missing(少賓語the man)

  但是我不是你心所思念的那個(gè)人

  11. Thats why you go away I know (I know Thats why you go away)

  我也知道那就是離去的原因

  II.從句中缺少狀語:when(時(shí)間)where(地點(diǎn))why(原因)[=介詞+which]

  12. Soledad, its a keeping for the lonely since the day that you were gone.(少狀語on the day;口語中常用that代替when、where、why)

  從你走后,我便開始了孤獨(dú)的守候

  13. Why did you leave me? Soledad,in my heart you were the only, and your memory lives on.

  你為何要離我而去? 我心中你就是唯一,你走了卻留下記憶。

  14. Walking down the streets of nothingville, where our love was young and free,(少狀語in the streets of nothingville)

  走在無人小鎮(zhèn)的大街上,這里曾有我們年少輕狂的愛情

  15. (I)Cant believe just what an empty place, it has come to be

  我無法相信,它如今會(huì)變成如此空蕩之地。

  16. Dont just let life pass you by, like winter in July

  別讓生活打敗你,好像六月飄雪

  17. Future dreams can never last, when you find yourself still living in the past

  如果你只活在過去,未來的夢想就不會(huì)持續(xù)

  18. Keep moving on to higher ground, looking for the way you thought could not be found (you thought是一個(gè)插入句)

  繼續(xù)奔向更高的目標(biāo),尋找你以為失去的方法

  19. We may not know the reason why were born into this world where a man only lives to die (這里有兩個(gè)定語從句:第一個(gè)是修飾thereason,why=for which;第二個(gè)修飾world,where=inwhich )

  我們可能不知道為什么要來到這個(gè)世間,在這里一個(gè)人只是從生到死

  III.從句中缺少定語:whose; the…of which/whom

  1. You can tell your ma I moved to Arkansas.You can tell your dog to bite my leg or tell your brother Cliff whose fist can tell my lip that he never really liked me anyway. (少定語:Cliffs fist can tell my lip)

  你可以告訴你媽媽我來了阿堪薩斯州。你可以告訴你的狗,讓他來咬我的腿;你可以告訴你哥哥cliff,他的拳頭會(huì)告訴我的嘴唇,他真的不會(huì)喜歡我。

  定語從句三要素

  概念

  被修飾的詞叫先行詞。定語從句不同于單詞作定語的情況,它需要放在被修飾的詞(即先行詞)之后。定語從句一般由關(guān)系代詞來引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系代詞必須放在定語從句之首。定語從句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定語,修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞,被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后,由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。

  關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

  關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。

  1)who, whom, that

  這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:

  Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

  他就是想見你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)

  He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

  他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)

  2) Whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換), 例如:

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。

  Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。

  3)which, that

  它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:

  A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作主語)

  The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)

  關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

  關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞,在從句中作狀語。

  1)when, where, why

  關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu),因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用,例如:

  There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。

  Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

  Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎?

  2)that代替關(guān)系副詞

  that可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導(dǎo)的定語從句,在口語中that常被省略,例如:

  His father died the year (that / when / on which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。

  He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住過的地方。

  判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞

  方法一: 用關(guān)系代詞,還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語,就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞;而不及物動(dòng)詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如:

  This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

  Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.

  判斷改錯(cuò)(注:先顯示題,再顯示答案,橫線;用不同的顏色表示 出。)

  (錯(cuò)) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

  (錯(cuò)) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

  (對) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

  (對) Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

  習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。

  方法二: 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀),也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞。

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