定語從句which的用法合集
定語從句既然是從句，就是一個(gè)句子，一定要有句子主干，也就是說，一定要有謂語動(dòng)詞。有的選項(xiàng)定語從句中沒有謂語動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)作由非謂語動(dòng)詞表示，就是錯(cuò)的。下面是小編整理的定語從句which的用法，歡迎大家閱讀參考！
定語從句which的用法 篇1
一，which前面有逗號(hào)，逗號(hào)前面是個(gè)名詞，which就近指代那個(gè)名詞。
(1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.
which就近指代photos，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞did not cheer (Pea up)的發(fā)出者即從句主語即先行詞photos，是photos沒讓豌豆家屬高興起來。
(2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.
which就近指代photos，photos是定語從句中的賓語，把定語從句還原成一個(gè)完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.
可以看到，上面兩個(gè)句子都可以以that為關(guān)系代詞改寫，即
(1)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that did not cheer Pea up.
(2)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.
改寫與原版區(qū)別在哪兒?就在一個(gè)逗號(hào)。which前面是名詞，名詞和which之間沒逗號(hào)的，在GMAT語法里算錯(cuò)。
二，which前面是介詞，介詞前面是名詞，which就近指代介詞前的那個(gè)名詞，名詞和介詞之間有無逗號(hào)均可。
Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.
這個(gè)句子可以“拆”成如下兩句：(每個(gè)定語從句都可以拆成兩句，以先行詞為拆分點(diǎn))
Tankfield once lent Pea a book. Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.
先行詞實(shí)際上是定語從句中介詞的賓語，這時(shí)，需要把介詞提前，避免如下表達(dá)：
Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)
Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)
上中學(xué)的時(shí)候?qū)W過，which引導(dǎo)的定語從句叫“非限制性定語從句”，是不是?它怎么就“非限制性”了?回顧上述GMAT語法規(guī)定which有且僅有的兩種用法，which指的都是就近的名詞，從句其實(shí)還是限制性的。
所謂非限制性呢，是說which指逗號(hào)之前一套主謂所描述的情況，以逗號(hào)前的一個(gè)完整句為先行詞。比如：
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which was rather sad.
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.
注意，這樣的非限制性定語從句在GMAT語法中是不成立的，關(guān)于which，GMAT語法考試只認(rèn)可上述兩種限制性用法。那么，在GMAT語法考試規(guī)則范圍內(nèi)，用什么方法能夠表達(dá)出原來學(xué)過的非限制性定語從句的意思來呢?
分成兩句或做出同位語來都是可以的，當(dāng)然，需要先找出一個(gè)名詞把原來非限制性定語從句的先行詞(即那個(gè)完整的句子)概括出來。
一、分成兩句
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. The fact was rather sad.
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. Pea did not refuse to acknowledge the fact to herself any more.
二、做同位語
Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, the fact, rather sad, beingwhatPea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.
是不是聽過傳說，帶being的一概不選?Being為什么這么遭人鄙視?上面的例句還是成立的嗎?
定語從句which的用法 篇2
關(guān)系代詞which的用法
(1)在非限定性定語從句中，只宜用which, 不宜用that.
(非限定性定語從句起補(bǔ)充說明作用，缺少也不會(huì)影響全句的理解，在非限定性定語從句的前面往往有逗號(hào)隔開，如若將非限定性定語從句放在句子中間，起前后都需要用逗號(hào)隔開。翻譯成人類的語言就是：有逗號(hào)的句子…)
例句：Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city.
(2)在限定性定語(就是正常的句子)從句中which和that在指代物的時(shí)候常常可以通用，但是有時(shí)只宜用which
而不用that 。 關(guān)系代詞前面有介詞的時(shí)候 (也就是說，有介詞就不能用that) 例句：This is the hotel in which you will stay.
(3)"介詞+關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞(基本上除了when, where, why, how以外都叫關(guān)系代詞……)whom, which在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時(shí),可以跟介詞一起放在主句和從句之間;當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí),介詞后的關(guān)系代詞用whom, 其余用which,這時(shí)的關(guān)系代詞不能省略。含有介詞的短語動(dòng)詞一般不拆開,介詞仍放在動(dòng)詞的后面。
例句：his is the book (which / that) I'm looking for. 這就是我在找的那本書。
在這類定語從句中,介詞的選擇一般根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的需要。
例如 This is the house in which my family lived during the war.
這個(gè)句子中從句"which my family lived"中的動(dòng)詞是live,你不能說live
house吧,只能說live in house,這里live和in搭配所以which前就要家in.
(4)所以說你想要知道到底which前用不用加介詞和加什么介詞主要有兩點(diǎn):
1是你要看這個(gè)從句缺不缺介詞,
2是要看動(dòng)詞與介詞的固定搭配,這就是要背的了.
例句：This is the girl which I like.這句就不缺介詞,你可以把句子反過來看看通不通順.反過來就是I like this girl.這個(gè)句子是對的,不缺成分,那么它也就不用加介詞.
This is the question about which I always think.這句就是think about 這個(gè)詞組的搭配了.
一般考試會(huì)出現(xiàn)的就是live in, think about, hold on 之類的了.
只要你多練習(xí)把句子反過來就能夠掌握了~
定語從句which的用法 篇3
我們知道，as和which作為關(guān)系代詞都可以用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，指代整個(gè)主句所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容，在從句中作主語或賓語，但它們在用法上有區(qū)別，這一點(diǎn)許多學(xué)生往往搞不清楚�，F(xiàn)就它們引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的用法簡述如下：
一、相同之處
當(dāng)從句位于主句之后，引導(dǎo)詞指代整個(gè)主句所表達(dá)的全部意義時(shí)，as和which可以互換。如：
The elephant is like a snake,as/which everybody can see.
大家都看得出，這頭大象像條蛇。
A big earthquake occurred there last night,as/which was reported on TV.
據(jù)電視報(bào)道，昨夜那里發(fā)生了大地震。
She is from Shanghai,as/which I know from her accent.
她來自上海，那是我從她的口音知道的。
二、不同之處
1、as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，位置比較靈活，可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之中或之后;而which引導(dǎo)非限制定語從句只能位于主句之后，不能位于主句之前。如：
_______ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth.
A.It B.As C.That D.Which
答案：B
_______ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.
A.Which B.As C.That D.It
答案：B
Air,as we know,is a gas.眾所周知，空氣是一種氣體。
He is very careful,as his work shows.
他的'工作表現(xiàn)表明他非常謹(jǐn)慎。
as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句常有“如同......那樣”的含義，因此在一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，如：
as we know;as is known to all(眾所周知)
as we all can see(正如我們大家都能看到的那樣)
as has been said before/above(正如前面所述)
as has been pointed out(正如所指出的那樣)
as might be imagined(可以想象得到)
as might be expected(正如所預(yù)料的那樣)
as is often the case(情況通常是這樣)
以上種種固定搭配，一般不能用which代替as。
2、搭配上，在由the same或such所修飾的名詞后通常用as作關(guān)系代詞引出非限制性定語從句。如：
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
我遇到了與他一樣的麻煩。
I've never heard of such a moving story as he is telling.
我從未聽過像他講得那么有趣的故事。
3、which引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句，可以用and this代替，意思是“這件事”;as引導(dǎo)的從句主要起連接上下文的作用，表達(dá)說話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法，并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處等。如：
He sold his new car,which surprised me.
=He sold his new car,and this serprised me.
Einstein,as we know,is a famous scientist.
我們都知道，愛因斯坦是一位著名的科學(xué)家。
As is known to all,Taiwan is part of China.
眾所周知，臺(tái)灣是中國的一部分。
4、當(dāng)which在從句中指代的是先行詞本身而不是主句時(shí)，不可用as代替which。如：
The peach tree,which I planted last year,has not borne any fruit.
這棵桃樹是我去年種下的，還沒有結(jié)出任何果實(shí)。
The book,which I bought yesterday,is very instructive.
我昨天買的這本書很有教育意義。
5、在從句中作主語時(shí)，which既可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語，也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語，而as只可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語。如：
He married her,which was nature.(可用as代替which)
他和她結(jié)婚了，這是很自然的事。
She met the boy,which delighted her.(不可用as代替which)
她見到了那個(gè)男孩，這使得她很高興。
He failed in the exam again,which made his parents very angry.
他考試有不及格了，這是他父母很生氣。
6、as引導(dǎo)的從句在意義上不可與主語相悖，而which引導(dǎo)的從句則不受此限制。
Mum treats me like a baby,which I can't bear.
媽媽把我當(dāng)小孩看待，這是我不能忍受的。
定語從句which的用法 篇4
1. 當(dāng)先行詞為all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)。
如：
Please tell me anything that you know about the matter.
有關(guān)此事，凡是你所知道的請告訴我。
2. 當(dāng)先行詞被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等詞修飾時(shí)。
如：You can take any seat that is free.
任何空著的座位你都可以坐。
3. 當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)。
如：
This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term.
這是我們校本學(xué)期放映的第四部電影。
4. 當(dāng)先行詞為形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。
如：
This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read.
這是我讀過的一本最有趣的故事書。
5. 當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修飾時(shí)。
如：
The only thing that we could do was to wait.
我們唯一能做的事就是等待。
注意：先行詞被the same修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞也可用as。
如：I need the same book that / as you have.
我需要有你一樣的書。
6. 當(dāng)先行詞既包含人又包含物時(shí)。
如： They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them.
他們正在談?wù)撍麄兏信d趣的女英雄及她們的事跡。
7. 當(dāng)先行詞是疑問代詞who，which，what或主句以這些詞開頭時(shí)。
如：
Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him?
曾經(jīng)和他一起工作過的誰不欽佩他？
8. 當(dāng)先行詞為主句表語或關(guān)系代詞為從句表語時(shí)。
如：
Our school is no longer the place that it used to be.
我們的學(xué)�，F(xiàn)在已不是過去的那個(gè)樣子了。
9. 先行詞為time時(shí)，當(dāng)time表示次數(shù)，引導(dǎo)詞用that, 可省略。 當(dāng)表示時(shí)間，可用that或when引導(dǎo)，都可省略。
如：
I did't remember the exact time （when/that） I arrived in Shanghai last month.
我不記得上個(gè)月到達(dá)上海的確切時(shí)間了。
最后，請注意以下幾種只能使用which的情況:
1. 在“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系代詞必須用which。
如：
This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking.
這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書。
注意： 如果介詞不放在修飾事物的限定性定語從句的句首， which就可換為that，例如：
This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion.
這就是我們已經(jīng)多次討論過的問題。
2. 先行詞為“those＋表事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時(shí)， 關(guān)系代詞通常只用which而不用that。
如：You should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.
你應(yīng)該掌握好這些可以用到未來工作中的技能。
最后，記得這個(gè)特殊情況吧：當(dāng)先行詞是表示原因或方式的名詞時(shí)，可以用that引導(dǎo)定語從句，相當(dāng)于介詞+which，that可以省略。
如：
He didn’t like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother.
他不喜歡她對他的母親那樣說話。
Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car.
很難想象，他開車開得那么快。
定語從句which的用法 篇5
Which引導(dǎo)的定語從句在語法和語用功能有利于區(qū)別于that引導(dǎo)的定語從句的鮮明特色.
一、語法要點(diǎn).
�、儆袑掗煹闹复秶�.不僅可措代主句中某一先行詞名詞
�。ˋ）,還可以指代主句中某些句子成分,如不定式賓補(bǔ),不定式賓語,動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)等
�。˙）,甚至整個(gè)主句
�。–）.后兩項(xiàng)功能是that所沒有的.
�。ˋ）The computerwhich(=that) I bought yesterday is home made.
�。˙）Yesterday I asked him to go to the cinema with me,whichagreed(昨天我要他同我一道去看電影,他同意了).
He wishes to get quick rich without any labour,whichwe think only Wishful thinking (他想不勞而獲,迅速致富,我們認(rèn)為這是想入非非).
（C）The sun heats the earth,Whichis very important to living things(太陽曬熱地球,這對于萬物是十分重要的).
�、诜窍薅ㄐ远ㄕZ從句中,無論主語還是賓語,關(guān)系代詞用which不用that;即使which作賓語也不省去.
Football,whichis very interesting, is played all over the world.
I never give up learning foreign languages.WhichI fink to de a bridged to the world(我從沒有放棄過外語學(xué)習(xí),因?yàn)槲野l(fā)現(xiàn)外語是通向世界的橋梁).
�。ū容^下一句關(guān)系代詞作賓語可省去的限定性定語從句.二者在這一點(diǎn)上的區(qū)別一目了然：It is the computer (that /which) I bought last week.）
③“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句有一下四點(diǎn)值得注意.
A:當(dāng)介詞前置時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用which而非that；而且which不省去.
The pencil with he was writing broke.
無The pencil with that he was writing broke;也無The pencil with he was writing broke.
(注：當(dāng)介詞后置于定語從句動(dòng)詞后面,并且從句是定性的,關(guān)系代詞which, that可互換,能省略.This is the roomwhich/that the great man once worked in.)
B:先行詞表示時(shí)間,定語從句可用關(guān)系副詞（when;先行詞表示地點(diǎn),定語從句可用關(guān)系副詞where:
We’ll never forget the day onwhich(-when )we visited the Great wall.
They went to the village where(-atwhich)the oil well was located定位）.
C：此結(jié)構(gòu)再延伸,出現(xiàn)“名詞/代詞+of/among+關(guān)系代詞”的格局,名詞又有數(shù)量意義,如“許多,一些,大部分,20個(gè)等”,則整個(gè)短語譯作“其中許多；其中一些…”：
On the crowded bus were school children, many of whom were from Beijing.
也可以把名詞/代詞稱到關(guān)系代詞后面,整個(gè)短語的功能不變：
He borrowed from the library novels and magazines, amongwhichsome are in English.
D:此延伸結(jié)構(gòu)若是“名詞+介詞of+關(guān)系代詞”的格局,名詞無數(shù)量意義,則同于whose+名詞：
He lives in the house the doors ofwhichface the south,=He lives in the house whose doors face the south.
二、語用功能.
Which定語從句（尤其是非限定性的）主要還是在語用功能上呈現(xiàn)that定語從句所沒有的亮點(diǎn).
�、俦磉_(dá)主從句因果關(guān)系.
A Jew. Albert Einstein had to flee Germany.Whichthen was ruled by Hitler(愛因斯坦只得逃離德國,因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的德國是在希特勒的統(tǒng)治之下).
NMET’99：Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancester to the Library Company,____he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary (Cory Luxmoore（千里迢迢）從英國趕來把祖先的日記交給（費(fèi)城）圖收館公司,是因?yàn)樗推拮诱J(rèn)為該圖書館才是此日記最好的歸宿處).
�、诒磉_(dá)主從句目的關(guān)系.
The Southern States set up a separate state of their own, inwhichthey would be free to keep Negroes as slaves(南方各州卻反叛建立一個(gè)獨(dú)立王國,以便好繼續(xù)維持奴隸制度).
�、郾磉_(dá)主從句讓步關(guān)系.
Einstein, who could have been very rich, cared for little money(愛因斯坦原本可以是非常富有的,但他卻不愛錢).
He gave up his cause inwhichhe had been very successful and joined in our project(他的事業(yè)盡管干得很出色,他還是放棄了,加入到我們的課題研究中來).
④表達(dá)主句動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果.
Many trucks and buses are jammed at the crossing,whichmade it impossible for us to go to work on time(許多車輛都堵在十字路口,造成我們不能準(zhǔn)時(shí)上班).
European football is played in 80 countries,whichmakes it the most Popular sport in the world(歐式足球有30個(gè)國家在踢,因之成為全世界最流行的一項(xiàng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)).
�、荼硎局鲝木錀l件關(guān)系.
The past experience,whichis not forgotten, is the guide for the future(前事不忘,可為后事之師).
⑥表示主從句時(shí)間關(guān)系.
He was born on October 1,1949,whichsaw the foundation of the People’s Republic of China(他出身在一九四九年十月一日,恰好是中華人民共和國成立的那一天).
�、邔χ骶鋬�(nèi)容作補(bǔ)充說明.
Inspite of his glorious past, he has fallen into the people’s enemy at last,whichis a good lesson for all of us (盡管有著輝煌的過去,他最終還是墮落為人民的敵人,這對我們大家是個(gè)很好的教訓(xùn)).
The sentence was announced on Nov. 8 following trials,whichstarted in Sept.(審判于九月開始.多次審判后,判刑才于十一月八日宣布).
�、嘤糜谥鲝木鋵Ρ汝P(guān)系.
He idled away his youthwhichhe should have spent in leaning(他的青春年華本應(yīng)用于增長才干,而他卻虛度過去了).
�、嵊糜诒硎臼澜缟溪�(dú)一無二的人或事物；或當(dāng)事人認(rèn)為是獨(dú)一無二的事物.
China,whichhas a 5000_year_old civilization, is now taking a new Look(已有5千年文明的中國現(xiàn)在正呈現(xiàn)新面貌).
All the books here,whichhave beautiful pictures in them, were written by him(這里所有的書都是他寫的,里面都有精美的插畫).
�。ū容^：All the books here that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him (這里所有有著漂亮插畫書是他寫的__這里不僅關(guān)系詞要換成that,而且還暗示著有雖的書)）.
�、獗硎九c主句或先行詞的同位關(guān)系.
The speed of sound in air at ordinary temperature is about 1,100 feet per second,whichis about 700 miles per hour(常溫下聲在空氣中的速度是大約每秒1,100英尺,即大約是小時(shí)傳播700英里遠(yuǎn).)
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