英語定語從句語法順口溜
英語語法是針對英語語言的語法進行的研究,指英語中語言的結構規(guī)律。為了幫助各位同學更準確的記憶英語入門語法,小編特別為大家整理了英語語法順口溜系列,在此與大家分享!
英語語法順口溜:定語從句7---As/which/So /such …that
As/which在句末,若有否定as錯;
as和 which都可指代前面一句話,請看例句:
1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.
愛麗絲受到了她老板的邀請,這使她感到吃驚。
2)The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
天氣結果變好了,這是我們沒有預料到的。
若有否定as錯;
3)The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn't expected.
A. when B. that C. which D. what
【簡析】答案是C。由于非限定性定語從句是否定結構,只能用which引導,不能用as來替代which。
句首只能用as,還有認知猜想詞;
置于句首時,非限定性定語從句只能用as引導。
例如:
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
眾所周知,月亮每月繞地球一周。
與表示認知猜想的詞,如know, expect, see, report, 連用時,要用as。
1)As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
我們知道,吸煙對健康有害。
2)As is expected, his daughter entered a key university.
正如人們所期望的那樣,他的女兒考入了一所重點大學。
固定結構用as, the same /such/so/as;
1) 在the same …as….結構中。意思是 “像……一樣的`”。 例如:
Chongqing is not the same city as we have seen in other places.
重慶和我們在其它地方看過的城市不一樣。
注意區(qū)分: the same ….that….,請看例句:
This is the same pen that I lost. 這正是我所丟的鋼筆。(同一)
This is the same pen as I lost. 這支鋼筆和我丟的那支一樣。(相似,不是一個)
2)在as...as結構中,意思是“像……那樣的”。例如:
No period in history has had as many important changes _______ have taken place in the past century. 沒有哪個歷史階段像過去的一個世紀這樣有如此多的重大變化。
3)在such…as…結構中, 意思是“像……那樣的”。例如:
Mathilde had to work hard day and night and bought such a diamond necklace as she had lost to pay back to Jeanne.
馬帝爾德不得不日日夜夜地干活,來買一個像被她丟掉的那樣的鉆石項鏈還給讓。
So /such …that賓不離,so/such…as賓要棄;
在so/such…that結構中,that后引導的不是定語從句,而是狀語從句,從句中必須有賓語;在so/such…as結構中, as后引導的是定語從句,從句中不帶賓語。
例如:
1)He studies in such a good school that all other students in his village admire him.
他在那樣好的一所學校學習,以至于村子里其他的學生都很羨慕他。
解析:that后是狀語從句,狀語從句中有賓語him。
2)He studies in such a good school as all other students in his village admire.
他在那樣好的一所學校學習,村里的其它學生都很羨慕那所學校。
解析:as后是定語從句,as代替先行詞school,在定語從句中做admire的賓語。
初中英語定語從句知識點:關系代詞引導的定語從句
1.who指人,在從句中做主語
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人,在定語從句中充當賓語,?墒÷。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意:關系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替,可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物,在定語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主語)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做賓語)
4. that指人時,相當于who或者whom;指物時,相當于which。
在賓語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時可省略。
(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主語)
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning (在句子中做賓語)
5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做定語
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物時,常用以下結構來代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow
返回:初中英語知識點詳解——定語從句篇
初中英語定語從句知識點:關系副詞引導的定語從句
1.關系副詞也可以引導定語從句
關系副詞在從句中分別表示時間.地點或原因。關系副詞when在從句中充當時間狀語,where 充當?shù)攸c狀語,why充當原因狀語。
2. that可引導定語從句表示時間.地點或原因
That有時可以代替關系副詞 when, where 或者why引導定語從句表示時間.地點或原因,在 that引導的這種定語從句中,that也可以省去。
1.二者差異比較
限制定語從句緊跟先行詞,同先行詞這間一般不加逗號,僅修飾先行詞,可以由關系代詞.關系副詞或that來引導。非限制性定語從句僅作補充或說明,用逗號與主句隔開,既可修飾先行詞,又可修飾整個主句,不可用that引導。
2.關系代詞和關系副詞的選擇依據(jù)
弄清代替先行詞的關系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語的應選用關系副詞,作主語.賓語或表語的可選用關系代詞。
3. 先行詞與定語從句隔離
定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后,但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分,構成先行詞與定語從句的隔離。例如:
1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.
2) He was the only person in this country who was invited.
As
1.
(1)assuch the same
(2)as which
The elephant's nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
(3)the same… that the same …as
2.As
as.which
(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.
(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.
——
初中英語定語從句知識點:that在定語從句中的用法
(1)不用that的情況
(a) 在引導非限定性定語從句時。
(錯)The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.
(b) 介詞后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
(2) 只能用that作為定語從句的關系代詞的情況
(a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which。
(b) 在不定代詞,如:anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行詞時,只用that,不用which。
(c) 先行詞有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修飾時,只用that。
(d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時,只用that,不能用which。.
(e) 先行詞既有人,又有物時。
(f) 先行詞指物,在主句中作表語時.
(g) 為了避免重復.
(h)先行詞是the way或the reason時,that可作關系副詞,也可省略
(i) 主句的主語是疑問詞who /which時
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