用復(fù)合句增強句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系使你的句子變得緊湊，改寫句子填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句意與原句意義相同，有效地使用了語句間的連接成分使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，原文并沒有明顯的語法錯誤但讀上去不夠簡潔顯得羅嗦。
如何寫出好句子
如何寫出好句子
如何寫出好句子：好句子的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)是：用詞準(zhǔn)確、邏輯清晰、簡潔明了、可讀性強。
1.學(xué)會運用復(fù)合句
復(fù)合句包括：名詞性從句、狀語從句、定語從句
用復(fù)合句增強句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，使你的句子變得緊湊
［練習(xí)］
根據(jù)句子之間的關(guān)系，用正確的連詞使其成為復(fù)合句。
（1）Childrengrowolder.Theyprefertobemoreindependentratherthanbeatthemercyoftheirparents.
Whenchildrengrowolder,theyprefertobemoreindependentratherthanbeatthemercyoftheirparents.
（2）Iwasveryexcited.Icouldn’texpremyselfinwords.
IwassoexcitedthatIcouldn’texpremyselfinwords.
（3）Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussion.Wedrawafinalconclusion.
Wewillhaveafurtherdiscussionbeforewedrawafinalconclusion.
（4）Theeconomyinthisareaisdevelopingrapidly.Thequalitiesofsomecitizensarestillnotsatisfactory.
Althoughtheeconomyinthisareaisdevelopingrapidly,thequalitiesofsomecitizensarestillnotsatisfactory.
（5）Youareallowedtodrivemycar.Youshoulddrivecarefullyandslowly.
Youareallowedtodrivemycaronconditionthat/aslongasyoushoulddrivecarefullyandslowly.
（6）Theteacherhadreadmycomposition.Hegavemehisopinion.
Aftertheteacherhadreadmycomposition,hegavemehisopinion.
（7）Youhavegotthesecret.Pleasedon’tspreaditinpublic.
Ifyouhavegotthesecret,pleasedon’tspreaditinpublic.
（8）Theyarrivedatthefarm.Theywerewelcomedbythefarmers.
Themoment/Assoonastheyarrivedatthefarm,theywerewelcomedbythefarmers.
（9）TheInternationalRedCroisanorganization.Itspurposeistohelpthesickandtheneedy.TheInternationalRedCroisanorganizationwhosepurposeistohelpthesickandtheneedy.
（10）Idecidedtofindajob.Icouldearnthemoney.
IdecidedtofindajobsothatIcouldearnthemoney.
2.學(xué)會運用非謂語動詞
用非謂語動詞使你的句子簡潔。
［練習(xí)］
運用非謂語動詞完成下列句子：
（1）MostoftheartistswhohadbeeninvitedtothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.
MostoftheartistsinvitedtothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.
（2）Thepricesofthecomputerswhicharebeingshownherearestillunknown.
Thepricesofthecomputersbeingshownherearestillunknown.
（3）Afterhehadbeendesertedbyhisguide,hecouldn’tfindhiswaythroughthejungle.
Havingbeendesertedbyhisguide,hecouldn’tfindhiswaythroughthejungle.
（4）Nowadaystheoldpeopleoftendomorningexercisesintheparkinorderthattheycouldkeephealthy.
Nowadaystheoldpeopleoftendomorningexercisesintheparktokeephealthy.
（5）Thechurchwasbuiltin1829.ItistheoldestEuropeanstructure.
Thechurchbuiltin1829istheoldestEuropeanstructure.
（6）Janewasdisturbedbythenoise.Sheturnedofftheradio.
Disturbedbythenoise,Janeturnedofftheradio.
（7）Garywastired.Hedecidedtogotobed.
Beingtired,Garydecidedtogotobed.
（8）AsIfelthungry,Idecidedtowalktotheshopandbuysomefood.
Feelinghungry,Idecidedtowalktotheshopandbuysomefood.
（9）Isenthimane-mailandhopedtogetfurtherinformationaboutSARS.
Isenthimane-mail,hopingtogetfurtherinformationaboutSARS.
（10）AssoonasIenteredtheclassroom,IfoundallmyclassmateswerebusystudyingEnteringtheclassroom,Ifoundallmyclassmateswerebusystudying
3.學(xué)會句式的變化
用不同的表達方法來豐富你的句式
［練習(xí)］
改寫句子，填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~使句意與原句意義相同。
1.Itwasnotlongbeforehehadtoleaveforanotherplace.
Beforelong,hewasforcedtomoveon.
2.Theroomissosmallthatwecan’tputthepianoinit.
Theroomistoosmallforustoputthepianoin.
3.BychanceImetanoldfriendofminethatday.
Ihappenedtomeetanoldfriendofminethatday.
IthappenedthatImetanoldfriendofminethatday.
4.Thatwasbecausewewerenotcarefulenough.
Thatwasbecauseofourcarelessness.
5.Thepeoplewereindeepsorrowwhentheyheardthissadnews.
Thepeoplewereindeepsorrowatthissadnews.
6.Ifyouwon’tdoit,I’llgetTomtodoit.
Ifyouwon’tdoit,I’llmake/haveTomdoit.
7.Wethinkthatitisourdutytotakecareoftheseyoungtrees.
Wethinkitourdutytotakecareoftheseyoungtrees.
8.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedhere.
Asaboy,Iusedtoplayhere.
9.Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulsuitbefore.
Ihaveneverseensobeautifulasuitbefore.
10.Ifitdoesn’train,we’llholdthesportsmeet.
Unleitrains,we’llholdthesportsmeet.
11.DoyoumindifIsmokehere?
Doyoumindmy/mesmokinghere?
12.IwaswalkingaimlesslythroughthestreetwhenIsawatailor’sshop.
IwaswanderingthroughthestreetwhenIcaughtsightofatailor’sshop.
13.Hearingthenews,hehurriedhome.
After/Whenheheardthenews,hewenthomeinahurry.
14.Heneverhesitatestohelpothers.
Healwayshelpsotherswithoutanyhesitation.
15.Theyoungmancamein,whowasholdingabookinhishand.
Theyoungmancamein,holding/withabookinhishand.
16.Liberationbroughtaboutacompletechangeinhislife.
Itwasliberationthatbroughtaboutacompletechangeinhislife.
17.Thewindowsneedcleaning.
Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.
18.Idon’tthinkhewillapologizetome.
Idon’tthinkhewillmakeanapologytome.
19.Itseemedthattheyweretalkingaboutsomethingimportant.
Theyseemedtobetalkingaboutsomethingimportant.
20.It’stimeforustodiscuthisproblem.
It’stimethatweshoulddiscuss/discussedthisproblem.
21.You’reverykindtosayso.
It’sverykindofyoutosayso.
22.Theforeignvisitorswerewarmlywelcomedattheairport.
Theforeignvisitorsweregivenawarmwelcomeattheairport.
23.AsIwascoughingbadly,thedoctortoldmetostopsmoking.
Thedoctoradvisedmetogiveupsmoking,forIwascoughingbadly.
24.Withthehelpofthemap,wefoundtheplacewithoutanytrouble.
Withthehelpofthemap,wehadnotroubleinfindingtheplace.
25.AsIwastiredout,Iwenttosleepsoon.
Beingtiredout,Ifellasleepsoon.
26.Itoldhimtogotoschoolandatlasthetookmyadvice.
AtlastIpersuadedhimtogotoschool.
27.PeoplesaidhewouldinviteMr.Browntodinner
ItwassaidthathewouldinviteMr.Browntodinner.
HewassaidtoinviteMr.Browntodinner.
28.Goodpronunciationisveryimportant.
Goodpronunciationisofgreatimportance.
29.IrantoschoolsoquicklythatIcouldhardlybreathewhenIreachedthere.
IrantoschoolsoquicklythatIwasquiteoutofbreathwhenIreachedthere.
30.Ididn’tfinishreadingthenoveluntilyesterday.
ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatIfinishedreadingthenovel.
NotuntilyesterdaydidIfinishreadingthenovel.
31.Althoughhewasquiteyoung,hediditverywell.
Quiteyoungashewas,hediditverywell.
32.Shehadtosellherhouse.Thatwastheonlywayoutforher.
Shehadnochoicebuttosellherhouse.
33.Hewenttostudyatacollegeattheageof18.
Whenhewas18,hewenttostudyatacollege.
34.Whatsurprisedmegreatlywastofindshewassuchafineswimmer.
Tomygreatsurprise,Ifoundshewassuchafineswimmer.
35.“Mary,doyouagreewithme?”Johnasked.
JohnaskedMaryif/whethersheagreedwithhim.
36.Mybrotherhasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.
Itisthreeyearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy.
Mybrotherjoinedthearmythreeyearsago.
37.Shesaidtome,“Don’tforgettoringhimuptomorrowmorning.”
Shetoldmenottoforgettoringhimupthenextmorning.
38.Weleftearlysothatweshouldn’tbelateforthemeeting.
Westartedoutearlyinordernottobelateforthemeeting.
39.Lookroundbeforeyoucrothestreet.
Lookroundbefore/when/whilecrossingthestreet.
40.Workhardandyouwillsucceed.
Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.
41.Shesuddenlybegantocry.
Sheburstintotears.
42.sheistooyoungtogotoschool.
Sheisn’toldenoughtogotoschool.
43.Itisnotpolitetomakeothersbelaughedat.
Itisnotpolitetomakefunofothers.
44.Mathildewouldrathernotgotothepalaceballunleshegotsomejewelry.
Mathildewouldratherstayathomethangotothepalaceballifshecouldn’tgetanyjewelry.
45.Itisbetterforyoutogiveupdrinking.
Youhadbettergiveupdrinking.
46.Itisnotnecessaryforyoutoworryabouthim.
Youneednotworryabouthim.
Thereisnoneedtoworryabouthim.
47.Ashewasverypoor,hecouldn’tgotocollege.
Hispovertypreventedhimfromgoingtocollege.
48.Theenemysoldier,whowasfulloffear,kepttrembling
Theenemysoldier,fulloffear,kepttrembling.
49.Hehasformedthehabitofsleepingearlyandgettingupearly.
Hehasmadeitaruletosleepearlyandgetupearly.
Hehasgotusedtosleepingearlyandgettingupearly.
50.WeoftenhearhersingEnglishsongsinhersparetime.
SheisoftenheardtosingEnglishsongsinhersparetime.
書面表達如何寫出好句子
書面表達如何寫出好句子？
評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為：
完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。
—覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點。
—應(yīng)用了較多的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。
—語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯方面有些錯誤，但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高詞匯所致；具備較強的語言運用能力。
—有效地使用了語句間的連接成分，使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。
完全達到預(yù)期的寫作目的。
以前高考書面表達評分主要是根據(jù)要點和語言準(zhǔn)確程度而定，因此考生在書面表達時，也只注重不遺漏要點和正確使用語言知識（如謂語的時態(tài)、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)等）這兩個方面，很少考慮或根本不考慮“使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高詞匯”，導(dǎo)致最后寫出來的東西千篇一律，缺乏生氣，影響了自己的成績。
那么，考生怎樣才能在書面表達中避免語句表達單一化，寫出好的句子來呢？本文擬結(jié)合新的評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對學(xué)生書面表達中的一些語句作一分析，并提出一些寫作建議，以幫助考生寫出豐富多彩的句子出來，提高自己的書面表達能力。
一、要適當(dāng)?shù)囟嗍褂靡恍┰~組、習(xí)語來代替一些單詞，以增加文采，豐富語句的表現(xiàn)力。如：
【原文】Shedoesn’tlikesports.
【修正】Shecaresnothingforsports.
【原文】Anewrailwayisbeingbuiltinmyhometown.
【修正】Anewrailwayisunderconstructioninmyhometown.
英語習(xí)語、詞組十分豐富，考生在自己的書面表達中，能適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠@些短語，無疑是一個提高水平的十分行之有效的方法。
二、盡量避免過多地重復(fù)使用的某一單詞，必要時應(yīng)選擇使用其它恰當(dāng)?shù)耐x詞或詞組來代替。如：
【原文】Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherlikeswatchingtelevision.
【修正】Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherenjoyswatchingtelevision.
【原文】We’vebuiltanewclassroombuildingbesidestheoldoneandwe’vealsobuiltalibrarywheretheoldplaygroundusedtobe.
【修正】We’vebuiltanewclassroombuildingbesidestheoldoneandwe’vealsosetupalibrarywheretheoldplaygroundusedtobe.
三、要注意使用不同結(jié)構(gòu)、不同長度的句子，盡量使句型多樣化，避免單調(diào)。如：
【原文】Thereisanewclassroombuildingononesideoftheroad.Thereusedtobeaplaygroundontheothersidebefore.Butthereisalibrarynow.Thereareallkindsofbooks,newspapersandmagazinesinthelibrary.Thereisanewplaygroundinfrontoftheschool.Therearealotoftreesinandaroundtheschool.
【修正】Ononesideoftheroadthereisanewclassroombuilding.Ontheotherside,wheretheplaygroundusedtobe,nowstandsanothernewbuilding—ourlibrary,inwhichyoucanfindallkindsofbooks,newspapersandmagazines.Theplaygroundisnowinfrontoftheschool.Wehavealsoplantedalotoftreesinandaroundtheschool.
原文在語法上并沒有什么錯誤，但由于通篇過多地使用了therebe結(jié)構(gòu)，不但使得表達的內(nèi)容顯得單調(diào)乏味，而且還給閱卷老師一種“不成熟”的感覺。我們可通過轉(zhuǎn)換句式來避免句子結(jié)構(gòu)的單一化。同一個意思，可使用不同的表達方法，這樣做既可以突出重點，又能豐富表達，增加文采。
四、多使用一些主從復(fù)合句來代替簡單句，可使書面表達行文更加豐富多彩。如：
【原文】Wehadtogohome.
【修正】Allwecoulddowastogohome.
【原文】Themealwasverynice.Weallenjoyeditverymuch.
【修正】Themealwassonicethatweallenjoyeditverymuch.
【原文】IstudiedChinese,maths,English,physics,chemistryandcomputeratschool.
【修正】ThemainsubjectsIstudiedatschoolincludedChinese,maths,English,physics,chemistryandcomputer.
五、改變句子開頭方式，不要一味地都是主語開頭，接著是謂語、賓語，最后再在句末加上一個狀語。我們可以適當(dāng)?shù)匕岩恍┏煞郑ㄈ鐮钫Z）提前位于句子的開頭，使整個句子讀起來有點跌宕起伏，增加書面表達的表現(xiàn)力。
【原文】Wemetattheschoolgateandwenttheretogetherearlyinthemorning.
【修正】Earlyinthemorningwemetattheschoolgateandwenttheretogether.
【原文】Theyoungmanpointedtoapolicemannotfarawayandsaid,“Hestoppedusanhouragoandtoldustocatchanotheroffender.”
【修正】Pointingtoapolicemannotfaraway,theyoungmanexplained,“Hestoppedusanhouragoandmadeuscatchanotheroffender.”
六、通過合句，將意義相關(guān)的幾個句子用一定的連接方式連接起來，或通過緊縮，去掉一些多余的成分，避免冗長累贅、松散無力，以增強句子的連貫性，達到更好的表達效果。
如：
【原文】Wehadashortrest.Thenwebegantoplayhappily.Wesanganddanced.Sometoldstories.Someplayedchess.
【修正】Afterashortrest,wehadgreatfunsinginganddancing,tellingjokesandplayingchess.
原文并沒有明顯的語法錯誤，但讀上去不夠簡潔，顯得羅嗦�？砂言舾珊唵尉浜喜⒊蓭в幸粋�共同主語的句子。又如：
【原文】NowZhangGeZhuangPrimarySchoolhasthreeteachers.Theyteach48pupils.
【修正】NowZhangGeZhuangPrimarySchoolhasthreeteachers,teaching48pupils.
【原文】MybrotherwasridingthebikeandIsatontheseatbehindhim.
【修正】Mybrotherwasridingthebikewithmesittingontheseatbehind.
七、在整篇文章眾多的主謂賓句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，可適當(dāng)?shù)卮蚱瞥Ｒ?guī)，用一些倒裝句、強調(diào)句或感嘆句，為意思的表達增添一點新意。
【原句】Myparentspraisedthedogwarmly.Ithadsavedmylittlesisterbravely.
【修正】Myparentspraisedthedogwarmly.Itwasourbravedogwhohadsavedmylittlesister.
【原句】Theheadofthefarmshowedusaround.Weweregladtoseethecropsandvegetablesgrowingverywell.
【修正】Theheadofthefarmshowedusaround.Howgladweweretoseethecropsandvegetablesgrowingsowell.
八、連接成分起著承上啟下的作用，是語義關(guān)系過渡的橋梁。有效地使用語句間的連接成分，可使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，層次清楚，過渡自然。如：
【原文】OnthemorningofFebruary8,2000,at7:15,IwasonmywayalongParkRoadtowardstheeast.IsawanoldmancomeoutoftheCityPark.AyellowcardroveupThirdStreet.Itsuddenlyturnedright.Ithittheoldman.Hefelldownwithacry.Thecardidn’tstoptosavetheoldman.Itranawayquickly.
【修正】Theaccidenthappenedat7:15onthemorningofFebruary8,2000.IwaswalkingalongParkRoadtowardstheeastwhenanelderlymancameoutoftheparkontheoppositesideofthestreet.ThenIsawayellowcardriveupThirdStreetandmakeasuddenrightturnintoParkRoad.Thenextmomentthecarhittheoldman.Hefelldownwithacry.Butthecardidn’tstoptosavetheoldman.Instead，itdroveoffatgreatspeed.
原文顯得支離破碎、層次不明，通過運用一些連接成分或過渡詞后，原結(jié)構(gòu)松散的句子就有機地結(jié)合起來，變得上下連貫，渾然一體了。
最后，我們還要提醒考生，在使用比較復(fù)雜的句型和結(jié)構(gòu)時，一定要注意分寸，應(yīng)根據(jù)書面表達的內(nèi)容和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)而定，千萬不要弄巧成拙。
原文刊登于《英語通高三版》2001.6.
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