名詞代詞數(shù)詞形容詞副詞介詞短語形容詞化的分詞表語從句，定語修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞詞組或句子，有主語有謂語方可稱為句子否則為短語，尋找謂語動詞或系動詞以確定主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。

11.2句子結(jié)構(gòu)語法2017-07-11 21:47:49 | #1樓回目錄

1.主語（subject）：句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast（名詞）Helikesdancing.（代詞）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.（動名詞）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主語從句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主語，主語從句是真正主語）

2.謂語（predicate）：是對主語加以陳述，表示主語的行為或狀態(tài)，常用動詞或者動詞詞組擔(dān)任，放在主語的后面。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.

3.表語（predicative）：系動詞之后的成分，表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.（名詞）Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.（代詞）Fiveandfiveisten.（數(shù)詞）Heisasleep.（形容詞）Hisfatherisin.（副詞）Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容詞化的分詞）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表語從句）

（常見的系動詞有:be,sound（聽起來）,look（看起來）,feel(摸起來，smell（聞起來）,taste（嘗、吃起來）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感覺）……Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.

4.賓語：1）動賓表示行為的對象，常由名詞或者代詞擔(dān)任。放在及物動詞或者介詞之后。如：

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IlikeChina.（名詞）Hehatesyou.（代詞）

Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數(shù)詞）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（動名詞）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（賓語從句）

2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓

Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.

3）雙賓語-----間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.

5.賓補：對賓語的補充，全稱為賓語補足語。

Weelectedhimmonitor.（名詞）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名詞）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容詞）Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)

Pleasemakeyourselfathome.（介詞短語）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（帶to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（現(xiàn)在分詞）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（過去分詞）

6.定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.（名詞）Heisourfriend.（代詞）Webelongtothethirdworld.（數(shù)詞）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容詞）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.（現(xiàn)在分詞）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（過去分詞）2

Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定語從句）

7.狀語：用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。（以下例句按上述順序排列）Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.

Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.

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語法題析(11)---基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)2017-07-11 21:48:35 | #2樓回目錄

語法題析---基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)

結(jié)構(gòu)指的是句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，表達法所指內(nèi)容極為廣泛，概括地講，它指英文句子中詞和短語的正確形式以及詞與詞，詞與短語的正確搭配。這里主要講解有關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)的命題，即英文句子的基本構(gòu)成形式。

基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)�？碱}型及解題要點

一般來講，所考的有關(guān)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的題目都比較簡單，通常是正常詞序的簡單句和復(fù)合句，即主語－謂語－賓語或主語－系詞－表語兩種基本詞序。倒裝句、省略句、強調(diào)句試題也時有出現(xiàn)。但所占比例很校

基本句型

（1）簡單句主－謂－賓

主－系－表

（2）復(fù)合句主句＋連詞＋從句

連詞＋從句，主句

（3）并列句句1＋連詞＋句2

基本概念

（1）有主語、有謂語方可稱為句子，否則為短語。

（2）主句和從句必須有連接詞銜接。連接句可在兩個句子中間，亦可放置于句首。解題要點

（1）尋找謂語動詞或系動詞以確定主謂結(jié)構(gòu)

（2）尋找連接詞以確定句子結(jié)構(gòu)

（3）分別檢查主句和從句的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)

例題分析

1.簡單句中主語謂語要完整

(1)Inadditiontopleasure,_____excitement,challenge,andrelaxation.

(A)theprovidingofgarrets(B)gamesifproviding

(C)thegameswhichprovide(D)gamesprovide

[答案]D空格前為一介詞短語、空格后為三個并列名。此句即無主語，也無謂語，故選擇含有動詞的答案（D）。尋找動詞是最快捷的途徑。

(2)_____haswonconsistentpraiseforhernovelsaboutBlackchildren.

(A)VirginiaHamiltonwho(B)BecauseVirginiaHamilton

(C)VirginiaHamilton(D)ThefactthanVirginiaHamilton

[答案]C空格后面是謂語動詞形式hasown,故空格內(nèi)應(yīng)主語句詞，即（C）。

(3)Withaffectionandhumor,poetphyllisMcGinley_____ofordinarylife.

(A)thevirtueswerepraised(B)praisedthevirtues

(C)shepraisedthevirtues(D)herpraiseofthevirtues

[答案]B此句有主語，但缺謂語動詞，故選擇（B）。

(4)_______becameastatein1876.

(A)WhenColorado(B)Colorado

(C)ItwasColorado(D)Coloradowhich

[答案]B空格后的謂動詞became表明應(yīng)選擇一個名詞作主語，即（B）。

2.主句和從句皆要有完整的主語和謂語

(1)Becauseithardenssoftmetalssuchastinandlead,_____inalloys.

(A)antimonyisused(B)usingantimony(C)antimonyuses

(D)touseantimony

[答案]ABecause引導(dǎo)的狀語從句主謂結(jié)構(gòu)完整，而主句卻主謂俱缺，故選擇主謂完整而句意正確的答案（A）。

(2)ThedominantphilosophyoftheAgeofEnlightenmers_____intheuniverseintermsofforcesthatcouldbedetectedbythehumansenses.

(A)anexplanationforeverything

(B)attemptedtoexplaineverything

(C)everythingwasanattempt

(D)explainedandattempted

[答案]B這是個含有定語從句的復(fù)合句。主句缺少謂語動詞，故選擇（B）。答案（D）亦為動詞，但缺少賓語。

(3)_______thatbothbirdsandmamma8|5becomelarger,theirmetaboliteratesperunitoftissuedecrease,andtheygenerallylivelonger.

(A)Thetruth(B)Iftrue

(C)Itistrue(D)Tobetrue

[答案]C空格后面的連接詞That表明此處應(yīng)填入主句，即含有主語和謂語的答案。四項選擇中只有（C）是完整的句子。

(4)Prescriptionsforcorrectivelensesthatareprovidedbyanoptometristareoftenbroughttoanopticianwho_____thelenses.

(A)grinding(B)grinds(C)theygrind(D)areground

[答案]B空格前面的連接詞who引導(dǎo)一個定語從句。此句缺少謂語動詞，故選擇答案（B）。答案（D）亦為謂語動詞形式，但被動語態(tài)不適合本句。

2016年中考英語語法句子結(jié)構(gòu)專題2017-07-11 21:48:45 | #3樓回目錄

專題十三句子的結(jié)構(gòu)測試過關(guān)

考號：______姓名：_____________做題時間：25分鐘得分：__________I.判斷下列句子是簡單句（A）并列句（B），還是復(fù)合句（C）

()1.Idon’tlikeEnglishwhilemysisterisgoodatit.

()2.Whenyoucamein,shewaswashingherclothes.

()3.Ifyoudon’tgothere,theywillnotbehappy.

()4.WiththehelpofmygoodfriendWeiWei,Isucceededinpassingtheexam.

()5.Haveyoueverseenthemanwhoiswearingaredcap?

II.單項選擇。

()1.Mr.SmithknowslittleChinese,____hecan'tunderstandChinesecultureatall.

A.soB.orC.butD.for

()2.—Canyouplaybasketball?

—Yes,Ican,____Ican'tplayitverywell.

A.orB.andC.soD.but

()3.Thewarwasoverabouttwoweeksago,_____thesoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotofproblemstodealwith.

A.orB.andC.butD.so

()4.Youmuststudyhard,_____youwillfallbehindothers.

A.andB.butC.soD.or

()5.Takeexerciseeverymorning,____youwillbecomemuchstronger.

A.orB.andC.butD.while

()6.Holdonyouridea,______you'resuretobesuccessfulinthisexam.

A.andB.orC.butD.so

()7.—WillyougoonTuesdayorWednesday?

—I'mafraid______dayispossible.I'llbeverybusynextweek.

A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.also

()8.____Jim_____Jackmaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayintheschool.

A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;nor

C.Both;andD.Either;or

()9.Becarefulwithdangerousanimals,_____you'llbehurt.

A.andB.butC.orD.so

()10.—Didn'tyougiveflowerstoyourMotheronMother'sDay?

—Oh,notonlymymother,______mygrandmagotredroses.

A.orB.andC.butD.until

()11.Whatdoyouthinkofthetwopairsoftrousers?

Theydon'tfitmewell.Theyare_toobig_toosmall.

A.notonly;butalsoB.both;and

C.neither;norD.either;or

()12.Stopcuttingtreesdown,_____theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.

A.andB.thenCbutD.or

()13.Myfatherboughtmeatoycar____Ilikeditverymuch.

A.andB.soC.butD.or

()14.Everybodywenttothepark,______Ididn't.

A.getB.orC.butD.so

()15.—Hello,MiWhite!

—I'msorry,_____Idon'tthinkIknowyou.

A.andB.orC.butD.because

()16.Thelittlegirlisveryyoung_____shecanlookafterherselfwell.

A.soB.butC.ifD.or

()17.Lilyputherhandsbehindherback,____nobodycouldseethem.

A.soB.andC.orD.but

()18.NeitheryounorI_____fromAustralia.WearefromtheUSA.

A.isB.areC.amD.be

()19.—Wecanlearnknowledge____frombooks_____fromlife.

—Yes,bothareimportant.

A.either；orB.notonly；butalso

Cneither；norD.not；and

()20._______IarriveinBeijing,I’llcallyouup.

A.SinceB.WhileC.OnceD.Although

()21.Iwon’tgetsucceeded__yougivemeahand.

A.unlessB.ifnotC.exceptD.whether

()22.Bencouldn’tbeintheofficeatthattime_____howmanytimesIphonedhim,nobodyansweredit.

A.becauseB.butC.whomD.Though

()23.IhadbeentoXi’anlong______youvisitedit.

A.beforeB.tillC.afterD.when

()24._______,heisgoodatdrawing.

A.TobeachildB.Achildasheis

C.AsachildD.Childasheis

()25.Don’tloseheart___youhavefailedtheexam.

A.whetherB.asifC.evenifD.however

()26.Wecangettotheairportontime_____thereisn’tanytrafficjam（堵塞）.

A.whileB.aslongasC.sothatD.evenif

()27.Thepencilboxontheleftis______thantheoneontheright,andnot_____.

A.morenicer；soexpensive

B.muchmorebetter；asexpensive

C.nicer；asexpensiveD.better；suchexpensive

()28.Itwasn’tlong______shejoinedthearmy.

A.thatB.beforeC.untilD.and

()29.Thesenewplanescanfly__thantheoldones.

A.asfastthreetimesB.threetimesasfast

C.threetimesfastD.threetimesfaster

()30._______hadthebellrung______thestudentswentintotheclassroom.

A.Hardly；whenB.Nosooner；when

C.Hardly；thanD.Nosooner；then

()31.______youhavecome,let’sstayandenjoyit.

A.ForB.AsC.BecauseD.Since

()32.You’dbetterdo_____youareasked.

A.likeB.whichC.thatD.as

()33.______thatnoneofuscouldfollowher.

A.ShespokeveryfastB.Sofastshespoke

C.ToofastshespokeD.Sofastdidshespeak

()34.I’llsetoffearly,______itmaybedarkwhenIgetthere.

A.howeverB.whetherC.ifD.otherwise

()35._____thebabyfellasleep______theroom.

A.After；didthemotherleave

B.Notuntil；didthemotherleave

C.Notuntil；themotherleft

D.Soonafter；themotherhadleft

()36.Lilycan’thavegoneout,__thelightisstillon.

A.andB.butC.beforeD.for

()37.Iwaswalkingalongthebank_____Iheardacryfromtheriver.

A.whileB.sinceC.whenD.as

()38.Weshouldn’tdothechemistryexperiment________theteacheriswithas.

A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.aslongas

()39.Shehas____littleeducation_____sheisunabletofindajob.

A.such；thatB.so；andC.so；thatD.such；and

()40.Iwillgo______ourmotherlandneedsmemostaftergraduation.

A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.what

()41.Doyouknowtheboy______motherisanactress?

A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.that

()42.Canyoutellmethereason______youalwayscometoschoollate?

A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that

()43.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______thechancetogototheUSA.

A.haveB.getC.getsD.grasp

()44.Iamlookingforaquietplacein______IcanstudyEnglish.

A.whereB.whichC.thatD.who

()45.Doyoustillrememberthedays______weplayedhideandseekgamestogether?

A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why

()46.All______shouldcomehavecome.

A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whose

()47.Tomgotthefirstplaceinthecompetition,_____madeothersunhappy.

A.whoB.thatC.whichD.what

()48.Thesituation______hehastofaceisveryserious.

A.whereB.whomC.whichD.why

()49.Itisforthethirdtime______hehascometoschoollate.

A.whenB.whoC.thatD.which

()50.Itisthetallestbuilding_____Ihaveeverseeninmylife.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.whom

【質(zhì)量標準控制考試滿分過關(guān)】

以上50小題中，做錯的題目有：

____________________________________；解決日期是：________________________；解決途徑：__________________________；感謝恩人：__________________________.1—5:BCCAC