萬圣節(jié)由來英文版
萬圣節(jié)的由來--中英雙語/r/n
羅伯特·布里奇 Robert Bridges - A School Portrait/r/n
我已有多年未訪問伊頓公學(xué);當(dāng)有一天從Fellow’s Library [1] 經(jīng)過進(jìn)入陳列室時，我看到我的校友Digby Dolben [2] 的肖像與我們這個時代最卓越的人的肖像掛在了一起。我完全被吸引住了，而當(dāng)我駐足凝視它時，我的同伴問我是否知道他是誰。我想，除了幾個我記得起名字的人之外，我?guī)缀跻欢ㄊ俏ㄒ恢赖娜肆�。少年時代的遙遠(yuǎn)記憶就像才發(fā)生一樣向我簇?fù)矶鴣恚核忠淮握驹谖疑砼�，年輕、躊躇滿志;我仿佛能聽到他的聲音，他一點也沒變;然而，當(dāng)我被關(guān)于他的時間之霧包圍時，我好奇他會怎么想，他是否知道在他去世30年后的這一刻，他的記憶會因此得以保存并受人敬仰，就在這所名校中，在他微妙的靈魂一度被奇怪地困擾的地方。/r/n
這個老伊頓學(xué)生肖像的陳列館中掛出的肖像是經(jīng)過精挑細(xì)選的：出身顯赫、品格高貴可以為你在那贏得一個席位，或者在畢業(yè)后與學(xué)校有官方上的聯(lián)系——他們熱衷于維持師生之間不變的全景畫，熱衷于讓那些與繼承學(xué)校傳統(tǒng)的面貌形象有關(guān)的校史記錄保持鮮活。但，Dolben的肖像為什么會在那呢?因為他是一個詩人?——這我知道，但他的詩歌鮮為人知，都被家人和少數(shù)幾個朋友小心翼翼地保存了起來。即使這些數(shù)量稀少的作品能入得了負(fù)責(zé)挑選肖像的權(quán)威人士的法眼，也并不足以讓他名列其中。還有另外一個原因，肖像就是一種證明的效力，或許你無法看出他是詩人，但你卻可以看到圣人的特質(zhì)：靈魂沉浸于深思、純潔無暇、對崇高理想滿懷熱情與獻(xiàn)身精神。這樣的特征一定使他在同齡人中出類拔萃;他的生活經(jīng)歷足以讓我們相信他是一位天賦秉異的才人。而當(dāng)他的英年早逝洗凈了記憶的塵埃并喚醒了世人的愛慕之時，吝愛的悲憫將會慷慨的賦予他未曾擁有的桂冠。/r/n
注：/r/n
[1] Fellow’s Library位于劍橋大學(xué)耶穌學(xué)院，建于1676-77 年。/r/n
[2] Digby Dolben，羅伯特·布里奇的堂兄弟，英國詩人，于1867年6月28日溺水而卒。 Robert Bridges 譯文賞析：/r/n
1、原文：“Far memories of my boyhood were crowding freshly upon me: he was standing again/r/n
beside me in the eager promise of his youth�！�/r/n
譯文：“少年時代的遙遠(yuǎn)記憶就像才發(fā)生一樣向我簇?fù)矶鴣恚核忠淮握驹谖疑砼�，年輕、躊躇滿志�！�/r/n
這句翻譯的很好。首先，作者把 ”freshly“ 譯為”像才發(fā)生一樣“，而我認(rèn)為這一點比劉士聰先生譯為”鮮活地涌進(jìn)“更為合理。在漢語里用“鮮活地”顯得很奇怪，因為“鮮活地”修飾后面的動作“涌進(jìn)”，涌進(jìn)不能說是“鮮活”，只能說是“迅速地”或者“大量地”。其次，”in the eager promise of his youth”譯為“年輕、躊躇滿志”也很巧妙。譯者并沒有死板得按照英文的語法順序，而事實上這樣做也根本行不通。把 ”youth” 譯為漢語中的“年輕”，名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，而“eager promise”在理解意義的基礎(chǔ)上找出對應(yīng)的漢語四字結(jié)構(gòu)，既語義準(zhǔn)確，又沒有丟掉英文的文筆。劉士聰先生譯為“煥發(fā)著青春的風(fēng)采”，顯得有些平淡無味。/r/n
2、原文：while I, wrap from him in a confused mist of time, was wondering what he would think, could he know that at this actual moment he would have been dead thirty years, and that his memory would be thus preserved and honored in the beloved school, where his delicate spirit had been so strangely troubled./r/n
譯文：然而，當(dāng)我被關(guān)于他的時間之霧包圍時，我好奇他會怎么想，他是否知道在他去世30年后的這一刻，他的記憶會因此得以保存并受人敬仰，就在這所名校中，在他微妙的靈魂一度被奇怪地困擾的地方。/r/n
我認(rèn)為這部分翻譯的有失妥當(dāng)，可以參照劉士聰先生譯文：“同時我在尋思著，因為與他之間相隔一段宛若迷霧的年月，假如他知道在這一時刻他已經(jīng)死了三十年，他可愛的母校在以這樣的方式紀(jì)念他，給他這樣高的榮譽(yù)，而他上學(xué)時，他脆弱的心靈曾經(jīng)莫名其妙地?zé)⿶肋^，他會作怎樣的感想呢?”/r/n
試譯：而我與他相隔迷霧般縈繞的時間，尋思如果他知道此時他已逝世三十年，并被他所深愛的母�！拇嗳蹯`魂曾感受無端困惑的地方——緬懷和敬仰，他會怎么想。/r/n
3、原文：which right loves to keep up an unbroken panorama of its teachers, and to vivify its annals with the faces and figures of the personalities who carried on its traditions./r/n
譯文：他們熱衷于維持師生之間不變的全景畫，熱衷于讓那些與繼承學(xué)校傳統(tǒng)的面貌形象有關(guān)的校史記錄保持鮮活。/r/n
這一句話譯者自己也沒有理解原文意思，所以翻譯出來就更加抽象難懂。可以參照劉士聰譯文：“而校方也希望完整地再現(xiàn)教師隊伍的全貌，使那些保持了學(xué)校傳統(tǒng)的名人形象構(gòu)成的校史有生氣。”/r/n
【相關(guān)文章】The History Halloween 萬圣節(jié)的神秘起源/r/n
Halloween is on October 31st, the last day of the Celtic calendar. It was originallya paganholiday, honoring the dead. Halloween was referred to as All Hallows Eve and dates back to over 2000 years ago. 10月31日是萬圣節(jié)，這也是凱爾特歷的最后一天。萬圣節(jié)起初是一個異教徒的節(jié)日，紀(jì)念死去的人。萬圣節(jié)源于圣徒日前夜，始于2000多年前。 All Hallows Eve is the evening before All Saints Day, which was created by Christians to convertpagans, and is celebrated on November 1st. The Catholic church honored saints on this designated day./r/n
圣徒日前夜是圣徒日的前一天晚上，圣徒日在11月1日，是基-督徒開創(chuàng)的節(jié)日，用來勸說異教徒皈依基-督，天主教堂在這一天紀(jì)念圣徒們。/r/n
The Origin of Halloween/r/n
萬圣節(jié)的起源/r/n
While there are many versions of the origins and old customs of Halloween, some remain consistentby all accounts. Different cultures view Holloween somewhat differently but traditional Halloween practices remain the same./r/n
盡管關(guān)于萬圣節(jié)的起源和舊俗有很多不同的看法，但有一些是被所有人接受的。不同文化看待萬圣節(jié)總是有點不同，但是傳統(tǒng)的萬圣節(jié)做的事情都是一樣的。/r/n
Halloween culture can be traced back to the Druids, a Celtic/r/n
culture in Ireland, Britain and Northern Europe. Roots lay in the feastof Samhain, which was annually on October 31st to honor the dead./r/n
萬圣節(jié)文化可以追溯到德魯伊教，這是一種愛爾蘭、北歐和英國的凱爾特文化，根植于Samhain節(jié)的慶�；顒�，Samhain節(jié)于每年的10月31日紀(jì)念逝者。/r/n
Samhain signifies "summers end" or November. Samhain was a harvest festival with huge sacred bonfires, marking the end of the/r/n
Celtic year and beginning of a new one. Many of the practices involved in this celebration were fed on superstition./r/n
Samhain節(jié)說明夏天結(jié)束或者十一月，是一個豐收的節(jié)日。在Samhain節(jié)會燃起神圣巨大的篝火，標(biāo)志著凱爾特一年的結(jié)束和新一年的開始。一些做法因為迷信被加入慶�；顒又小�/r/n
The Celts believed the souls of the dead roamed the streets and villages at night.
Since not all spirits were thought to be friendly, gifts and treats were left out to pacifythe evil and ensure next years crops would be plentiful. This custom evolved into trick-or-treating./r/n
凱爾特人相信死者的靈魂會在夜里出沒在街道和村莊 。因為他們認(rèn)為不是所有的靈魂都是友善的，所以就把禮物和好吃的留在外面安慰惡靈來確保來年的莊稼可以豐收。這種習(xí)俗演變成了trick-or-treating。
萬圣節(jié)的由來--中英雙語
羅伯特·布里奇 Robert Bridges - A School Portrait
I had not visited Eton for many years, when one day passing from the Fellow’s Library into the Gallery I caught sight of the portrait of my school-friend Digby Dolben hanging just without the door among our most distinguished contemporaries. I was wholly arrested, and as I stood gazing on it, my companion asked me if I knew who it was. I was thinking that, beyond a few whom I could name, I must be almost the only person who would know. Far memories of my boyhood were crowding freshly upon me: he was standing again beside me in the eager promise of his youth; I could hear his voice; nothing of him was changed; while I, wrap from him in a confused mist of time, was wondering what he would think, could he know that at this actual moment he would have been dead thirty years, and that his memory would be thus preserved and honored in the beloved school, where his delicate spirit had been so strangely troubled.
This portrait-gallery of old Etonians is very se-le-ct: preeminent distinction of birth or merit may win you a place there, or again official connection with the school, which right loves to keep up an unbroken panorama of its teachers, and to vivify its annals with the faces and figures of the personalities who carried on its traditions. But how came Dolben there? It was because he was a poet, --that I knew;--and yet his poems were not known they were jealously guarded by his family and a few friends: indeed such of his poems as could have come to the eyes of the authorities who sanctioned this memorial would not justify it. There was another reason; and the portrait bears its won credentials; for though you might not perhaps divine the poet in it, you can see the saint, the soul rapt in contemplation, the habit of stainless life, of devotion, of enthusiasm for high ideals. Such a being must have stood out conspicuously among his fellows; the facts of his life would have been the ground of the faith in his genius; and when his early death endeared and sanctified his memory, loving grief would generously grant him the laurels which he had never worn.
我已有多年未訪問伊頓公學(xué)；當(dāng)有一天從Fellow’s Library [1] 經(jīng)過進(jìn)入陳列室時，我看到我的校友Digby Dolben [2] 的肖像與我們這個時代最卓越的人的肖像掛在了一起。我完全被吸引住了，而當(dāng)我駐足凝視它時，我的同伴問我是否知道他是誰。我想，除了幾個我記得起名字的人之外，我?guī)缀跻欢ㄊ俏ㄒ恢赖娜肆恕Ｉ倌陼r代的遙遠(yuǎn)記憶就像才發(fā)生一樣向我簇?fù)矶鴣恚核忠淮握驹谖疑砼�，年輕、躊躇滿志；我仿佛能聽到他的聲音，他一點也沒變；然而，當(dāng)我被關(guān)于他的時間之霧包圍時，我好奇他會怎么想，他是否知道在他去世30年后的這一刻，他的記憶會因此得以保存并受人敬仰，就在這所名校中，在他微妙的靈魂一度被奇怪地困擾的地方。
這個老伊頓學(xué)生肖像的陳列館中掛出的肖像是經(jīng)過精挑細(xì)選的：出身顯赫、品格高貴可以為你在那贏得一個席位，或者在畢業(yè)后與學(xué)校有官方上的聯(lián)系——他們熱衷于維持師生之間不變的全景畫，熱衷于讓那些與繼承學(xué)校傳統(tǒng)的面貌形象有關(guān)的校史記錄保持鮮活。但，Dolben的肖像為什么會在那呢？因為他是一個詩人？——這我知道，但他的詩歌鮮為人知，都被家人和少數(shù)幾個朋友小心翼翼地保存了起來。即使這些數(shù)量稀少的作品能入得了負(fù)責(zé)挑選肖像的權(quán)威人士的法眼，也并不足以讓他名列其中。還有另外一個原因，肖像就是一種證明的效力，或許你無法看出他是詩人，但你卻可以看到圣人的特質(zhì)：靈魂沉浸于深思、純潔無暇、對崇高理想滿懷熱情與獻(xiàn)身精神。這樣的特征一定使他在同齡人中出類拔萃；他的生活經(jīng)歷足以讓我們相信他是一位天賦秉異的才人。而當(dāng)他的英年早逝洗凈了記憶的塵埃并喚醒了世人的愛慕之時，吝愛的悲憫將會慷慨的
賦予他未曾擁有的桂冠。
注：
[1] Fellow’s Library位于劍橋大學(xué)耶穌學(xué)院，建于1676-77 年。
[2] Digby Dolben，羅伯特·布里奇的堂兄弟，英國詩人，于1867年6月28日溺水而卒。 Robert Bridges 譯文賞析：
1、原文：“Far memories of my boyhood were crowding freshly upon me: he was standing again
beside me in the eager promise of his youth。”
譯文：“少年時代的遙遠(yuǎn)記憶就像才發(fā)生一樣向我簇?fù)矶鴣恚核忠淮握驹谖疑砼�，年輕、躊躇滿志。“
這句翻譯的很好。首先，作者把 ”freshly“ 譯為”像才發(fā)生一樣“，而我認(rèn)為這一點比劉士聰先生譯為”鮮活地涌進(jìn)“更為合理。在漢語里用“鮮活地”顯得很奇怪，因為“鮮活地”修飾后面的動作“涌進(jìn)”，涌進(jìn)不能說是“鮮活”，只能說是“迅速地”或者“大量地”。其次，”in the eager promise of his youth”譯為“年輕、躊躇滿志”也很巧妙。譯者并沒有死板得按照英文的語法順序，而事實上這樣做也根本行不通。把 ”youth” 譯為漢語中的“年輕”，名詞轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，而“eager promise”在理解意義的基礎(chǔ)上找出對應(yīng)的漢語四字結(jié)構(gòu)，既語義準(zhǔn)確，又沒有丟掉英文的文筆。劉士聰先生譯為“煥發(fā)著青春的風(fēng)采”，顯得有些平淡無味。
2、原文：while I, wrap from him in a confused mist of time, was wondering what he would think, could he know that at this actual moment he would have been dead thirty years, and that his memory would be thus preserved and honored in the beloved school, where his delicate spirit had been so strangely troubled.
譯文：然而，當(dāng)我被關(guān)于他的時間之霧包圍時，我好奇他會怎么想，他是否知道在他去世
30年后的這一刻，他的記憶會因此得以保存并受人敬仰，就在這所名校中，在他微妙的靈魂一度被奇怪地困擾的地方。
我認(rèn)為這部分翻譯的有失妥當(dāng)，可以參照劉士聰先生譯文：“同時我在尋思著，因為與他之間相隔一段宛若迷霧的年月，假如他知道在這一時刻他已經(jīng)死了三十年，他可愛的母校在以這樣的方式紀(jì)念他，給他這樣高的榮譽(yù)，而他上學(xué)時，他脆弱的心靈曾經(jīng)莫名其妙地?zé)⿶肋^，他會作怎樣的感想呢？”
試譯：而我與他相隔迷霧般縈繞的時間，尋思如果他知道此時他已逝世三十年，并被他所深愛的母�！拇嗳蹯`魂曾感受無端困惑的地方——緬懷和敬仰，他會怎么想。
3、原文：…which right loves to keep up an unbroken panorama of its teachers, and to vivify its annals with the faces and figures of the personalities who carried on its traditions.
譯文：他們熱衷于維持師生之間不變的全景畫，熱衷于讓那些與繼承學(xué)校傳統(tǒng)的面貌形象有關(guān)的校史記錄保持鮮活。
這一句話譯者自己也沒有理解原文意思，所以翻譯出來就更加抽象難懂。可以參照劉士聰譯文：“而校方也希望完整地再現(xiàn)教師隊伍的全貌，使那些保持了學(xué)校傳統(tǒng)的名人形象構(gòu)成的校史有生氣�！�
萬圣節(jié)的由來英文版
im oktober ist hochsaison für hexen, gespenster, geister und alle, die sich gerne gruseln, denn am 31. oktober ist halloween.
十月是女巫，幽靈，鬼魂和一切讓人不寒而栗的東西出現(xiàn)的旺季，因為10月31日是萬圣節(jié)。
ursprünglich, vor hunderten von jahren, war halloween ein herbstfest der druiden im alten england. es sei die einzige nacht des jahres, so glaubten die menschen damals, in der hexen und geister leibhaftig auf der erde herumspukten.
起初在幾百年前，萬圣節(jié)在古英格蘭對巫師們來說是秋天節(jié)。那時人們認(rèn)為，這一天晚上是一年當(dāng)中唯一一個女巫和鬼魂真的來到人間到處作祟的夜晚。
fast jedes kind wei, dass halloween etwas mit gespenstern, hexen und verkleiden zu tun hat, aber kaum jemand hat eine ahnung, was es mit dem fest halloween’ nun wirklich auf sich hat.
幾乎每個孩子都知道，萬圣節(jié)與幽靈，女巫和化裝有關(guān)，但是幾乎沒有一個人知道，萬圣節(jié)這個節(jié)日究竟因何而來。
schon vor über 2000 jahren feierten die kelten im alten england (heute sagen wir grobritannien dazu) zum ende des sommers ein groes fest – damals hie es noch samhain’. der 31. oktober war bei den kelten der letzte tag des jahres, denn sie hatten einen anderen kalender als wir heute. der sommer wurde mit groen feuern verabschiedet und gleichzeitig der winter begrüt. die menschen bedankten sich bei ihrem sonnengott (mit namen samhain’) für die ernte, die sie in der warmen jahreszeit eingebracht hatten und gedachten an diesem tag auch der seelen der verstorbenen. der sonnengott wurde nun, zu beginn der dunklen winterzeit von dem keltischen gott der toten, abgelst.
早在兩千多年前，古英格蘭（今天的大不列顛）的克勒特人在夏季結(jié)束時會進(jìn)行一場盛大的節(jié)日慶�！菚r這個節(jié)日叫做“薩溫節(jié)”。對于克勒特人來說，10月31日是一年的最后一天，因為他們使用的年歷與我們今天的不同。人們?nèi)计鸫蠡鸶鎰e夏季，同時歡迎冬季的到來。他們向太陽神（名字為“samhain”）表示感謝，感謝其賜予的溫暖季節(jié)帶來豐收，同時也在這一天悼念逝者的亡靈。而后太陽神就在陰暗的冬天開始之時被克勒特人的死亡之神所替代。
die kelten glaubten fest daran, dass die seelen der verstorbenen in der nacht vom 31. oktober als geister auf die erde zurückkommen, um in ihre huser zurückzukehren. aber was war mit den geistern und heimatlosen seelen, die trotz der groen feuer, die am wegesrand entfacht wurden, den weg nicht fanden und verzweifelt umherirrten? von ihnen war nichts gutes zu erwarten, sie spukten durch die nacht, erschreckten friedliche menschen und trieben ihr unwesen mit ihnen.
克勒特人堅信，逝者的亡靈在10月31日會變成鬼魂來到人間，回到自己家中。但是那些即使在路邊點著旺火卻也找不到路而絕望地四處亂走的鬼魂和無家可歸的亡靈怎么辦呢？別指望他們做什么好事，他們會整晚搗亂作祟，驚嚇平和中的人們，到處胡作非為。
einige jahrhunderte spter, ungefhr 800 jahre n. chr., ernannte der papst den 1. november, also den tag nach dem 31. oktober, zum feiertag allerheiligen’, an dem der christlichen mrtyrer gedacht wurde. aus dem samhain- fest wurde im laufe der zeit das fest am vorabend zu allerheiligen’, und das heit auf englisch all hallows’ evening’ oder abgekürzt hallows’ e’en’. inzwischen sagen wir halloween.
幾百年后，大約公元800年的時候，羅馬教皇將11月1日，也就是10月31日后一天，作為“萬圣”之節(jié)，在這一天人們會懷念基-督教的烈士。隨著時間的推移，英國人根據(jù)薩溫節(jié)就把11月1日的前夜變成了慶祝萬圣的節(jié)日，而英語里萬圣夜稱作“all hallows’ evening”，簡稱hallows’ e’en。漸漸地我們就把萬圣節(jié)叫做了halloween。
obwohl das samhain-fest schon so lange her ist, verkleiden sich die kinder heute noch als gruselige gestalten, wie gespenster, hexen, zauberer oder vampire, um geister abzuschrecken. und das ist auch gut so – denn wer wei denn schon genau, ob die kelten im alten england nicht doch recht hatten......?
雖然薩溫節(jié)已如此古老，今天的孩子們還會裝扮成毛骨悚然的形象，像是幽靈，女巫，男巫或是吸血鬼去嚇退鬼魂。不過這樣也不錯——誰又清楚地知道，古英格蘭的克勒特人是不是有道理呢？
萬圣節(jié)的由來英文介紹
halloween, or hallowe’en, is a holiday celebrated on the night of october 31. halloween activities include trick-or-treating, ghost tours, bonfires, costume parties, visiting "haunted houses", carving jack-o'-lanterns, reading scary stories and watching horror movies. irish immigrants carried versions of the tradition to north america in the nineteenth century. other western countries embraced the holiday in the late twentieth century. halloween is celebrated in several countries of the western world, most commonly in the united kingdom, the united states, canada, ireland, puerto rico, japan, new zealand, and occasionally in parts of australia. in sweden the all saints' official holiday takes place on the first saturday of november.
halloween has its origins in the ancient celtic festival known as samhain. the festival of samhain is a celebration of the end of the harvest season in gaelic culture, and is sometimes regarded as the "celtic new year". traditionally, the festival was a time used by the ancient pagans to take stock of supplies and slaughter livestock for winter stores. the ancient gaels believed that on october 31, now known as halloween, the boundary between the alive and the deceased dissolved, and the dead become dangerous for the living by causing problems such as sickness or damaged crops. the festivals would frequently involve bonfires, into which bones of slaughtered livestock were thrown. costumes and masks were also worn at the festivals in an attempt to mimic the evil spirits or placate them.
萬圣節(jié),是國際性節(jié)日慶祝10月31日。萬圣節(jié)的活動包括糖果、鬼怪旅游,篝火,化裝舞會,參觀鬧鬼的景點,雕刻火焰般雙眼的-lanterns,閱讀和看恐怖片的可怕的故事。愛爾蘭移民帶版本的傳統(tǒng)到北美在十九世紀(jì)。其它西方國家接受了二十世紀(jì)后期的節(jié)日。萬圣節(jié)是西方世界的幾個國家,最常見的是在美國、加拿大、愛爾蘭、波多黎各、日本、新西蘭、英國,偶爾在澳大利亞的部分。在瑞典度假的所有圣徒的官員在11月的第一個星期六。
萬圣節(jié)源自凱爾特人的薩溫節(jié)。在古凱爾特人的信仰里，新的一年于11月1日開始，或稱薩溫節(jié)(samhain)。正如比較短的白天象征新一年的開始，日落亦象征新一天的開始;所以每年收割的節(jié)日于10月31日晚上開始。不列顛群島的德魯伊教徒會燃點農(nóng)作物作為祭品，而當(dāng)他們圍著火堆跳舞時，太陽季節(jié)便會完結(jié)而薩溫 節(jié)隨即開始。凱爾特人相信死亡之神samhain在10月31日的晚上會和鬼魂一起重返人間，尋找替身。因此他們點燃火炬，焚燒動物以作為死亡之神的獻(xiàn)禮。還會用動物的頭或皮毛做成的服飾打扮自己，發(fā)出古怪的聲音，使死亡之神認(rèn)不出自己，避過災(zāi)難。這就是今天萬圣節(jié)化妝舞會的由來。
halloween (halloween) (also known as halloween, halloween) in the 31 october each year, is the traditional festival of english-speaking world, mainly popular in north america, british isles, australia, canada and new zealand. many public places and even the home yard, will the layout of a lot of decoration, such as various types of ghosts yeah, pumpkin lights yeah, there are black cats and witches broom and the like;children will wear halloween costumes every year is different, carrying a lantern to provide door to door to discuss sugar basket, saying it was "trick or treat "。
halloween in the october 31 the night before, in fact, is to praise the fall festival, just like may day holiday in the spring as a compliment. ancient gaul, britain and ireland, the priest - druid autumn a grand festival of praise,from midnight after halloween until the next day, november 1 continued all day. in their view, their great god of death that night - salman who will die that year summoned the ghost of all, these evil spirits are subject to care for the livestock health and punishment. of course, as long as the thought of such a gathering of ghosts, was enough to make si-mp-le-minded fools who fight heart understanding of the gallbladder.so they lit the sky of fire, and close surveillance of these evil spirits. today, throughout europe, people have halloween as enjoy slapstick, ghost story and a good opportunity to scare each other. so people are no longer just used to praise this autumn festival, but it turned into a real "carnival." the facial makeup is the halloween tradition of one of the programs.
萬圣夜(halloween)(又叫鬼節(jié)，萬圣節(jié)前夜)在每年的10月31日，是英語世界的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，主要流行于北美、不列顛群島、澳大利亞、加拿大和新西蘭。許多公共場所乃至居家院落，都會布置上很多裝璜，諸如各式鬼怪 呀、南瓜燈呀、還有黑貓以及巫婆的掃帚之類;孩子們會穿上每年不一 樣的萬圣節(jié)服裝，拎著南瓜燈的提簍去挨家挨戶地討糖，說是“不給糖就搗蛋(trick or treak)”
萬圣夜在10月31日的前一夜，其實是贊美秋天的節(jié)日，就好像五朔節(jié)是贊美春天的節(jié)日一樣。古代高盧、不列顛和愛爾蘭的祭司--德魯伊德有一個贊美秋天的盛大節(jié)日，從萬圣夜后午夜開始，直至次日11月1日持續(xù)整整一天。他們認(rèn)為，在那天晚上他們偉大的死神--薩曼會把那年死去人的鬼魂統(tǒng)統(tǒng)召來，這些惡鬼要受到托生為畜類的懲罰。當(dāng)然，只要想到這種鬼魅的聚會，就足以令當(dāng)時那些頭腦簡單的愚民膽戰(zhàn)心諒的了。于是他們點起沖天的篝火，并嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視這些惡鬼。如今在整個歐洲，人們都把萬圣夜看作盡情玩鬧、講鬼故事和互相嚇唬的好機(jī)會。于是人們不再把這節(jié)日僅僅用來贊美秋光，而是讓它變成一場真正的“狂歡”。而臉譜化妝是萬圣節(jié)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)目之一。
halloween
halloween is an autumn holiday that americans celebrate every year. it means "holy evening," and it comes every october 31, the evening before all saints' day. however, it is not really a church holiday, it is a holiday for children mainly.
every autumn, when the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. then they cut faces in the pumpkins and put a burning candle inside. it looks as if there were a person looking out of the pumpkin! these lights are called jack-o'-lanterns, which means "jack of the lantern".
the children also put on strange masks and frightening costumes every halloween. some children paint their faces to look like monsters. then they carry boxes or bags from house to house. every time they come to a new house, they say,"trick or treat! money or eat!" the grown-ups put treat-money or candy in their bags.
not only children, but most grown-ups also love halloween and halloween parties because on this day,they can disguise themselves as personages or ghost as their imaginations will lead them. this bring them the satisfaction of being young.
萬圣節(jié)前夕
萬圣節(jié)前夕是美國人年年都會慶祝的秋季節(jié)日。它的意思是“神圣的夜晚”，在每年的10月31日，也就是萬圣節(jié)前夜。但實際上這不是一個真正的宗教節(jié)日，而主要是孩子們的節(jié)日。
每年秋天蔬菜成熟可以食用的時候，孩子們就會挑出大個兒的橙色南瓜。然后在南瓜上刻上一張臉，把一根點燃的蠟燭放在里面。看起來就好像有人在向南瓜外面張望。這些燈就叫做“iack-o'-lantems”，意思也就是“杰克的燈”。
每年萬圣節(jié)前夕孩子們還戴上奇怪的面具，穿上嚇人的服裝。有些孩子把臉?biāo)⒊晒治�。然后他們拿著盒子或袋子挨家挨戶串門。每來到一個新房子他們就說：“不款待就搗亂!給錢還是吃的!”大人們就會把用來招待的錢或糖放在他們的袋子里了。
不僅孩子，許多成年人也喜歡萬圣節(jié)前夕和萬圣節(jié)前夕晚會。因為這一天他們可以根據(jù)自己的想象把自己裝扮成名流或幽靈。這會帶給他們年輕的快感。
關(guān)于萬圣節(jié)的故事
halloween one story about jack, an irishman, who was not allowed into heaven because he was stingy with his money. so he was sent to hell. but down there he played tricks on the devil (satan), so he was kicked out of hell and made to walk the earth forever carrying a lantern. well, irish children made jack's lanterns on october 31st from a large potato or turnip, hollowed out with the sides having holes and lit by little candles inside. and irish children would carry them as they went from house to house begging for food for the village halloween festival that honored the druid god muck olla. the irish name for these lanterns was "jack with the lantern" or "jack of the lantern," abbreviated as " jack-o'-lantern" and now spelled "jack-o-lantern." the traditional halloween you can read about in most books was just children's fun night. halloween celebrations would start in october in every elementary school. children would make halloween decorations, all kinds of orange-pa-pe-r jack-o-lanterns. and from black pa-pe-r you'd cut "scary" designs ---an evil witch with a pointed hat riding through the sky on a broomstick, maybe with black bats flying across the moon, and that meant bad luck. and of course black cats for more bad luck. sometimes a black cat would ride away into the sky on the back of the witch's broom. and on halloween night we'd dress up in mom or dad's old shoes and clothes, put on a mask, and be ready to go outside. the little kids (children younger than we were) had to go with their mothers, but we older ones went together to neighbors' houses, ringing their doorbell and yelling, "trick or treat!" meaning, "give us a treat (something to eat) or we'll play a trick on you!" the people inside were supposed to come to the door and comment on our costumes. oh! here's a ghost. oh, there's a witch. oh, here's an old lady. sometimes they would play along with us and pretend to be scared by some ghost or witch. but they would always have some candy and maybe an apple to put in our "trick or treat bags." but what if no one come to the door, or if someone chased us away? then we'd play a trick on them, usually taking a piece of soap and make marks on their windows. .and afterwards we would go home and count who got the most candy. one popular teen-agers' halloween trick was to unroll a roll of toilet pa-pe-r and throw it high into a tree again and again until the tree was all wrapped in the white pa-pe-r. the pa-pe-r would often stay in the tree for weeks until a heavy snow or rain washed it off. no real harm done, but it made a big mess of both the tree and the yard under it. one kind of halloween mischief.
關(guān)于萬圣節(jié)有這樣一個故事。是說有一個叫杰克的愛爾半蘭人，因為他對錢特別的吝嗇，就不允許他進(jìn)入天堂，而被打入地獄。但是在那里他老是捉弄魔鬼撒旦，所以被踢出地獄，罰他提著燈籠永遠(yuǎn)在人世里行走。在-十-月三十一日愛爾蘭的孩子們用土豆和羅卜制作“杰克的燈籠”，他們把中間挖掉、表面上打洞并在里邊點上蠟燭。為村里慶祝督伊德神的萬圣節(jié)，孩子們提著這種燈籠挨家挨戶乞計食物。?這種燈籠的愛爾蘭名字是“拿燈籠的杰克”或者“杰克的燈籠”，縮寫為jack-o'-lantern ?在拼寫為jack-o-lantern。 現(xiàn)在你在大多數(shù)書里讀到的萬圣節(jié)只是孩子們開心的夜晚。在小學(xué)校里，萬圣節(jié)是每年十月份開始慶祝的。孩子們會制作萬圣節(jié)的裝飾品：各種各樣桔紅色的南瓜燈。你可以用黑色的紙做一個可怕的造形??一個騎在掃帚把上戴著尖尖帽子的女巫飛過天空，或者是黑蝙蝠飛過月亮。這些都代表惡運(yùn)。當(dāng)然黑貓代表運(yùn)氣更差。有時候會出現(xiàn)黑貓騎在女巫掃帚后面飛向天空的造形。在萬圣節(jié)的晚上，我們都穿著爸爸媽媽的舊衣服和舊鞋子，戴上面具，打算外出。比我們小的孩子必須和他們的母親一塊出去，我們大一點的就一起哄到領(lǐng)居家，按他們的門鈴并大聲喊道：“惡作劇還是招待!”意思是給我們吃的，要不我們就捉弄你。里邊的人們應(yīng)該出?評價我們的化裝。 “噢!這是鬼，那是女巫，這是個老太婆。” 有時候他們會跟我們一起玩，假裝被鬼或者女巫嚇著了。但是他們通常會帶一些糖果或者蘋果放進(jìn)我們的“惡作劇還是招待”的口袋里。可是要是沒人回答門鈴或者是有人把我們趕開該怎么辦呢?我們就捉弄他們，通常是拿一塊肥皂把他們的玻璃涂得亂七八糟。然后我們回家，數(shù)數(shù)誰的糖果最多。還有一個典型的萬圣節(jié)花招是把一卷手紙拉開，不停地往樹上扔，直到樹全被白紙裹起?。除非下大雪或大雨把紙沖掉，紙會一直呆在樹上。這并不造成真正的傷害，只是把樹和院子搞亂，一種萬圣節(jié)的惡作劇。
halloween, is an international holiday celebrated on october 31. halloween activities include trick-or-treating, ghost tours, bonfires, costume parties, visiting haunted attractions, carving jack-o'-lanterns, reading scary stories and watching horror movies. irish immigrants carried versions of the tradition to north america in the nineteenth century. other western countries embraced the holiday in the late twentieth century. halloween is celebrated in several countries of the western world, most commonly in the united states, canada, ireland, puerto rico, japan, new zealand, united kingdom and occasionally in parts of australia. in sweden the all saints' official holiday takes place on the first saturday of november.
萬圣節(jié),是國際性節(jié)日慶祝10月31日。萬圣節(jié)的活動包括糖果、鬼怪旅游,篝火,化裝舞會,參觀鬧鬼的景點,雕刻火焰般雙眼的-lanterns,閱讀和看恐怖片的可怕的故事。愛爾蘭移民帶版本的傳統(tǒng)到北美在十九世紀(jì)。其它西方國家接受了二十世紀(jì)后期的節(jié)日。萬圣節(jié)是西方世界的幾個國家,最常見的是在美國、加拿大、愛爾蘭、波多黎各、日本、新西蘭、英國,偶爾在澳大利亞的部分。在瑞典度假的所有圣徒的官員在11月的第一個星期六。
next to christmas, halloween is the most commercialized celebration in the united states and canada. this ancient festival originated far from north america however, and centuries before the first european set foot on the continent.
the ancient druids 督伊德教(古代高盧人與不列顛人的一種宗教)的教徒 who inhabited what we now call great britain placed great importance on the passing of one season to the next, holding "fire festivals" which were celebrated for three days (two days on either side of the day itself).
one of these festivals was called samhain (pronounced sha-von) and it took place on october 31 through to november 1. during this period, it was believed that the boundaries between our world and the world of the dead were weakened, allowing spirits of the recently dead to cross over and possess the living.
圣誕節(jié)是萬圣節(jié),這下最商業(yè)化的慶�；顒釉诿绹图幽么蟆＿@個古老的節(jié)日來源于北美,幾百年前第一批歐洲移民踏上美洲大陸。
古代德魯伊德教大不列顛放置很重視的一個賽季,"火焰節(jié)”,它是為3天(兩天的)。
其中一個節(jié)日被稱作萬圣節(jié),它將從10月31日至11月1日。在這期間,他們認(rèn)為,我們的世界之間的界限,死者的世界被削弱,允許剛剛死去的鬼魂穿越生活。
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