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2017年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)試題衛(wèi)生A類(lèi)模擬題
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第6部分：完形填空(第51——65題，每題l分，共l5分)
下面的短文有l(wèi)5處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定l個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Study Confirms Red Meat Link with Bowed (結(jié)腸) Cancer
People who eat more than 160 grams of red or processed meat a day are 35 percent more likely to develop bowel cancer than those who eat less 51 20 grams a day, according to one of the biggest nutrition investigations ever carried out.
The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition followed 478,040 men and women 52 35 to 70 from 10 European countries.
All subjects were free of cancer at enrollment between 1992 and 1998, but 53 an average follow-up of almost 5 years 1,329 bowel cancers had been reported.
The subsequent analysis, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, confirms the long-held suspicion 54 high intakes (納入量) of red meat are associated with increased bowel 55 risk.
After taking into consideration factors like age, sex, height, weight, energy intake physical activity,smoking, and alcohol consumption, the investigators found that bowel cancer was 56 with intake of red and processed meat but not chicken.
Risk of bowel cancer dropped with increasing intake of fish. Eating more than 80 grams a day of fish was associated 57 a 31 percent reduction in risk compared with eating less than 10 grams a 58
Subjects with high red meat and low fish intake were at 63 percent higher' risk of bowel cancer compared with subjects with low red meat and high fish 59 . In addition, the risk of developing the disease was increased for 60 people who ate a low fibre diet.
Sheila Bingham, study investigator at the UK's Medical Research Council nutrition unit, said:
"People have suspected for some time that high levels of red and processed meat 61 risk of bowel cancer, but this is one of the largest studies worldwide and the first from Europe of this type to show a 62 relationship."
She added in a statement: 'the overall picture is very consistent for red and processed meat and fibre across all the 63 populations studied."
Study coordinator, Elio Riboli, of the World Health Organisation International Agency for Research into Cancer, said: "Other risk factors for 64 cancer include obesity (肥胖) and lack of physical activity. Smoking and excess alcohol may also play a 65. These factors were all taken into account in the analysis.
51. A. from
B. than
C. between
D. among
52. A. aging
B. years
C. aged
D. ranging
53. A. before
B. after
C. since
D. when
54. A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. why
55. A. illness
B. cancer
C. problem
D. death
56. A. presented
B. selected
C. contrasted
D. associated
57. A with
B. into
C. for
D. against
58. A. month
B. year
C. day
D. week
59. A. habit
B. experience
C. harvest
D. intake
60. A. these
B. much
C. those
D. that
61. A. increase
B. lower
C. meet
D. show
62. A. strong
B. poor
C. weak
D. casual
63. A. Asian,
B. American
C. European
D. African
64. A. new
B. organ
C. fatal
D. bowel
65. A. factor
B. role
C. risk
D. chance
51.A。這里是對(duì)詞匯的考查。句意：中國(guó)將__________第一個(gè)有關(guān)變性手術(shù)的臨床指導(dǎo)方針。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，issue在這里做動(dòng)詞使用時(shí)意為“發(fā)行，頒布”，provide意為“提供”，withdraw意為“取回，收回”，bring back意為“恢復(fù)”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入原文，issue符合題意。
52.B。這里是對(duì)詞匯的考查。句意：專(zhuān)家__________大約2 000名中國(guó)人已經(jīng)做了變性手術(shù)，但是還有10萬(wàn)到40萬(wàn)人正考慮做這個(gè)手術(shù)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，boast在這里做動(dòng)詞使用時(shí)意為“自夸，炫耀”，estimate意為“估測(cè)”，blame意為“責(zé)備”，offer意為“提供”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入原文，最佳答案是estimate，因?yàn)閷?duì)于無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量的數(shù)字專(zhuān)家只能做出“估測(cè)”。
53.B。這里是對(duì)詞匯的考查。句意：在指導(dǎo)方針草稿中，MOH給手術(shù)者和醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)定了__________標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，maximum在這里做動(dòng)詞使用時(shí)意為“最大值”，minimum意為“最小值”，less意為“更少”，few意為“少的”。根據(jù)上下文的意義，衛(wèi)生部提出的應(yīng)該是“最低”標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
54.A。這里考查的是固定詞組engage in“從事或者參與某項(xiàng)工作或者活動(dòng)”。句意：參加手術(shù)者要求證明你變性的堅(jiān)定決心，以及連續(xù)五年適應(yīng)新性別的決心，以及術(shù)后要(參加)至少一年的心理治療。
55.c。這里是對(duì)詞匯的考查。句意：參加手術(shù)者必須得到__________的手術(shù)推薦書(shū)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，physicist意為“物理學(xué)家”，chemist意為“化學(xué)家”，psychologist意為“心理學(xué)家”，geologist意為“地質(zhì)學(xué)家”，根據(jù)上下文的意思來(lái)看，只有得到心理學(xué)家的許可是最合理的。
56.B。這里是對(duì)詞匯的考查。句意：在開(kāi)始手術(shù)前必須滿(mǎn)足幾項(xiàng)法律要求。根據(jù)上下文，法律或者法規(guī)中的條文和要求是必須遵守的，因此必須用must。
57.D。這里是對(duì)詞匯的考查。句意：在手術(shù)__________前，警察局也必須同意更改__________接受手術(shù)者的身份證上的性別。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，respective意為“各自的，分別的”，prospect意為“前景，展望”,expecting意為“希望的，期望的”，prospective意為“未來(lái)的，將來(lái)的，展望的”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)代入原文，prospective符合題意。
58.C。這里考查的是固定詞組take place“發(fā)生，進(jìn)行，舉行”。句意：在手術(shù)進(jìn)行前，警察局也必須同意更改將要接受手術(shù)者的身份證上的性別。
59.B。這里考查的是固定詞組be believed to“確信”。句意：這個(gè)指導(dǎo)方針的出現(xiàn)確實(shí)體現(xiàn)了政府對(duì)一小部分人想要變性的需求的關(guān)注。
60.A。這里考查的是固定詞組be concemed about“憂(yōu)慮，擔(dān)心”，而concerned with是指“關(guān)心，感興趣”。句意：這個(gè)指導(dǎo)方針的出現(xiàn)確實(shí)體現(xiàn)了政府對(duì)一小部分人想要變性的需求的關(guān)注。
61.D。這里考查的是固定詞組a number of,表示“若干，不少，許多”，用在可數(shù)名詞前。句意：這個(gè)指導(dǎo)方針的出現(xiàn)確實(shí)體現(xiàn)了政府對(duì)一小部分人想要變性的需求的關(guān)注。
62.c。這里考查的是固定詞組due to，表示“因?yàn)椋捎?rdquo;。句意：因?yàn)槭中g(shù)帶來(lái)的社會(huì)和法律影響，所以變性手術(shù)不僅僅是個(gè)醫(yī)療程序。
63.B。這里是對(duì)分詞的考查。句意：醫(yī)生需要給那些__________變性的手術(shù)者說(shuō)清楚一點(diǎn)，那就是他們也可以選擇繼續(xù)保持原有的性別。在本句中，用seek的現(xiàn)在分詞形式充當(dāng)名詞的定語(yǔ)，意為“尋求變性手術(shù)的那些人”。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是動(dòng)詞的限定形式，都是充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)的，因此不符合要求。(分詞的相關(guān)知識(shí)具體見(jiàn)本套書(shū)的系列叢書(shū)《每天1小時(shí)4周攻克職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)周計(jì)劃衛(wèi)生類(lèi)》中有關(guān)分詞的【備考助手】。)
64.D。這里是對(duì)詞匯的考查。句意：指導(dǎo)方針要求醫(yī)生告訴手術(shù)者其他的選擇，__________荷爾蒙治療。such as用于舉例說(shuō)明的場(chǎng)合;as表示“像……一樣”，后面跟謂詞短語(yǔ);as such強(qiáng)調(diào)某事的程度或者結(jié)果，表示“如此……以致……”。
65.A。這里考查的是固定詞組in the long run，表示“從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的觀(guān)點(diǎn)來(lái)看，最終”。句意：從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，手術(shù)本身對(duì)手術(shù)者并不是個(gè)大問(wèn)題。
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