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2024年職稱英語(yǔ)真題理工B類完形填空
在各領(lǐng)域中，我們需要用到試題的情況非常的多，試題可以幫助參考者清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)自己的知識(shí)掌握程度。大家知道什么樣的試題才是好試題嗎？下面是小編收集整理的2024年職稱英語(yǔ)真題理工B類完形填空，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
職稱英語(yǔ)真題理工B類完形填空 1
完形填空
Warmer Climate Will Bake TropicalBugs
Globalwarming could cook tropical insects, with unpredictable knock-on effects, sayresearchers who warn that rising temperatures also______(51) tropical frogs,lizards (蜥蜴).
Temperaturesare ______ (52) to increase much faster in temperate(溫和的) andpolar(極地的`)regions than in the tropics. But no-one had looked at how warming would affectinsects and other cold-blooded animals ______ (53) had evolved in tropicalregions with little temperature variation.
CurtisDeutsch at the University of California at Los Angeles and colleagues analyseddata ______ (54) insect survival and reproduction for 38 species in differentecosystems(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)), andthen estimated how these values would ______ (55) with predictions of climatechange for the 21st century.
Theteam found that the reproductive ______ (56) of tropical insects tends to peakvery close to the temperatures where they normally live, but______ (57) sharplyat higher temperatures. This means that cranking up (提高)theheat only a small amount can exert a heavy toll, leaving insects unable toreproduce ______ (58) enough to keep up their numbers.
Temperaturetolerance
Temperateinsects reproduce well over a broader range, and do not live as ______ (59) totheir thermal(熱的)limit, so they can reproduce successfully when their climate warms more than inthe tropics.
“Tropicalinsects do very well in a narrow band of temperatures, but move them above that______ (60) and they die,” says team member Josh Tewksbury of the University ofWashington in Seattle.
Theheart of the ______ (61) is temperature tolerance. emperate-zone insects haveevolved to survive the much broader temperature swings of seasonal climates,than have their tropical relatives.
The______ (62) appears worse for animals that live in hot stable climate of thelower levels of tropical forests. Lizards in clear areas can find shade to cooldown, but those living in the forest are already in the ______ (63), andtheres not much they can do to get cooler, Deutsch says.
Too fewtropical insects have been studied so far to ______ (64) if any particulargroup will be particularly hard-hit, says Tewksbury. Insects play important______ (65) in forest ecology(生態(tài)學(xué)), including pollination, and eatingdetritus to recycle carbon.
Theteam are now starting to evaluate how temperature affects ecologicalinteractions of insects with other species, including crops such as Africancorn.
答案
51 threaten 52 expected 53 that 54 on 55 change
56 rate 57 drops 58 sucessfully 59 close 60 range
61 problem 62: effect 63 shade 64 tell 65 roles
職稱英語(yǔ)真題理工B類完形填空 2
China to Help Europe Develop GPS (全球定位系統(tǒng)) Rival
China is to contribute to a new global satellite navigation system being developed by European nations. The Galileo satellite system __________(1) a more accurate civilian alternative to the Global Positioning System (GPS), operated by the US military. China will provide 230m Euros (USD 259m) in__________(2) and will cooperate with technical,manufacturing and market development. "China will help Galileo to __________(3) the major world infrastructure (基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施) for the growing market for location services," said Loyola de Palacio, EU transport commissioner.
A new center that will coordinate co-operation was also announced__________(4) the European Commission, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology not long __________(5). The China-Europe Global Navigation Satellite System Technical Training and Cooperation Center will be__________ (6) at Beijing University. China has a substantial satellite launch industry and could potentially help launch the Galileo satellites.
The US has claimed that Galileo could interfere __________(7) the US ability to downgrade(降級(jí)) the GPS service during military conflicts. European officials say this is unfounded and counter that US opposition__________(8) the commercial challenge Galileo would present to GPS. Galileo will be precise to within a meter, while the civilian GPS service is accurate to around 10 meters.
The Galileo satellite constellation (衛(wèi)星群集) will__________ (9) 27 operational and three reserve satellites orbiting the Earth at an altitude of 23,600 kin. The satellites will be strung along three medium-Earth orbits at 56 degrees inclination to the equator and will provide global coverage.
The system should be operational by 2008 and the entire project is expected to__________(10) around 3.2 billion Euros (USD 3.6 billion).
The European Commission has said Galileo will primarily be used for transportation technology, scientific research, land management and disaster monitoring. Galileo will provide two signals; a standard civilian one and an encrypted (編碼) , wide-band signal__________(11)the Public Regulated Service (PRS). This second signal is designed to withstand localized jamming( 干擾 ) and will be used by police and military services in Europe. European Commission__________ (12) have said China will not be given access to the PRS.
The first Galileo satellite is scheduled to launch late in 2004. Clocks on board__________ (13) will be synchronized (使同步) through 20 ground sensors stations, two command centers and 15 uplink( 向上傳輸) stations, Receiverson
the ground will use time signals from the satellites to precisely calculate their__________ (14). A "search and rescue" function will also__________(15) distress signals be relayed through the constellation of satellites.
1.A. offer
B. offered
C. will offer
D. has offered
2.A. funding
B. providing
C. paying
D. charging
3.A. build
B. use
C. Become
D. do
4.A. in
B. at
C. on
D. by
5.A. before
B. ago
C. after
D. later
6.A. found
B. produced
C. positioned
D. located
7.A. with
B. for
C. aboutD. above
8.A. results in
B. gives rise to
C. is due to
D. causes
9.A. be made from
B. consist of
C. consist in
D. be consisted of
10. A. spend
B. gain
C. give
D. cost
11. A. offered
B. called
C. used
D. turned
12. A. officials
B. countries
C. organization
D. agreement
13. A. /
B. the satellite
C. the satellites
D. satellites
14. A. speed
B. direction
C. distance
D. location
15. A. send
B. let
C. allow
D. transmit
答案解析：
1.C。從上下文語(yǔ)境來看，中國(guó)將幫助歐洲建立一個(gè)全球衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)，而且整段多使用將來時(shí)。
2.A。從上下文語(yǔ)境來看，中國(guó)將在__________ 方面提供2.3億歐元(2.59億美元)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，只有funding(基金，資金)符合語(yǔ)境，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)：providing(提供)，paying(付賬)和charging(收費(fèi))在意思上均不符合。
3.A。從搭配來看，只有build the infrastructure(建設(shè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)是對(duì)的。
4.D。這里考查的是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。was also announced是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，其后是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者the European Commission，the European Space Agency(ESA)$W the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology，故應(yīng)選擇bv。
5.B。這里考查固定短語(yǔ)(not)long ago(不久之前)，long before(不久)。從上下文語(yǔ)境來看，not long ago符合語(yǔ)境，本句意為：不久之前，歐洲貿(mào)易委員會(huì)、歐洲航天局和中國(guó)科技部宣布成立一個(gè)新的中心來協(xié)調(diào)合作事宜。
6.D。這里考查的是習(xí)慣搭配，be located at/in(位于……)，從上下文語(yǔ)境來看，該中心將設(shè)在北京大學(xué)內(nèi)。
7.A。這里考查的是習(xí)慣搭配，interfere with(妨礙，干擾)是固定搭配。
8.C。從上下文語(yǔ)境來看，美國(guó)對(duì)伽利略(人造衛(wèi)星)持反對(duì)態(tài)度，是由于伽利略衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)對(duì)全球定位系統(tǒng)在商業(yè)上提出挑戰(zhàn)。選項(xiàng)A、B和D的意思都是“導(dǎo)致”，所以不符合句意。bedueto的意思是“由于”或“由……造成”，符合文意。
9.B。從上下文語(yǔ)境來看，伽利略衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)由27個(gè)運(yùn)作衛(wèi)星和3個(gè)儲(chǔ)備衛(wèi)星構(gòu)成。B項(xiàng)consist of是“由……構(gòu)成”的意思。選項(xiàng)A的be made from是“由……材料制造”的意思。選項(xiàng)C的consist in是“在于，存在于”的意思。consist of不能使用被動(dòng)形式。
10.D。從上下文語(yǔ)境來看，整個(gè)工程預(yù)計(jì)花費(fèi)(cost)約32億歐元。8和C與句意不符。選項(xiàng)A中的spend為及物動(dòng)詞。cost作為動(dòng)詞的`用法為sth.cost(sb.)sth.，沒有被動(dòng)態(tài)形式。
1 1.B。wide-band signal called the Public Regulated Service(PRS)中的called在此是過去分一詞做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾wide-band signal。
12.A。句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have said決定了主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是人而不是物。此外，B項(xiàng)是單數(shù)名詞，不能用在這里。
13.B。clocks on board the satellite：在這架衛(wèi)星上的鐘表。這里的satellite特指前一句中的the first Galileo satellite，所以使用了定冠詞the。選項(xiàng)A、C和D的內(nèi)容文中都沒有出現(xiàn)過，所以是錯(cuò)的。
14.D。通篇文章談的都是定位系統(tǒng)，所以地面接收借助定位系統(tǒng)來定位，應(yīng)選location。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)(speed，direction，distance)都不符合上下文所表達(dá)的意思。
15.B。從語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)來看，只有l(wèi)et sb.do sth.是正確的。
職稱英語(yǔ)真題理工B類完形填空 3
The central problem of economics is to satisfy the peoples and nations wants.
The problem we are faced with is that our resources,here identified as money,are __1__. The only way we can resolve our problem is to make choices. After looking at our resources,we must examine our list of __2__ and identify the things we need immediately,those we can postpone,and __3__ we cannot afford. As inpiduals,we face the central problem involved in economics-deciding just how to allocate our limited our limited resources to provide __4__ with the greatest satisfaction of our wants.
Nations face the same problem. As a countrys population ___5__,the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase,but there __6__ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation. Whether the budget meeting is taking place in the family living room,in the conference room of the corporation __7__ of directors,or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington,the basic problem still exists. We need to find __8__ of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.
A short time ago economists pided goods into two categories,free and economic. The former,like air and water,were in __9__ abundance that economists had no concern for them. After all,economics is the __10__ of scarcity and what to do about it. Today many of these "free goods" are __11__ very expensive to use. Pollution has made clean air and water expensive for producers extra costs,and __12__ taxpayers who pay for the governments involvement in cleaning the environment.
In the 1990s,almost all goods are __13__. Only by effort and money __14__ obtained in the form people wish.
Meeting needs of people and the demands from resource available __15__ the basic activity of production. In trying to meet unlimited wants from limited economic goods,production leads to new problems in economics.
EXERCISE：
1. A) limited B) unlimited C) scarcity D) abundant
2. A) want B) problem C) wants D) resources
3. A) those B) some C) others D) many
4. A) them B) themselves C) ourselves D) ours
5. A) expand B) extends C) grows D) increase
6. A) always B) sometimes C) often D) never
7. A) management B) function C) board D) group
8. A) people B) economists C ) way D) methods
9. A) so B) great C) such D) such an
10. A) form B) study C) means D) source
11. A) practically B) in practice C)in reality D) practicably
12. A) the B) / C) for D) with
13. A) plentiful B) scarce C) abundant D) in full supply
14. A) they can be B) can they be C) they must be D) must they be
15. A) are led to B) leads C) lead to D) leads to
KEY：
A C A C C D C D C B C C B B D
Highways in the United States
The United States is well-known for its network of major highways designed to help a driver get from one place to another in the shortest possible time. __1__ these wide modern roads are generally __2__ and well maintained,with few sharp curves and __3__ straight sections,a direct route is not always the most __4__ one. Large highways often pass __5__ scenic areas and interesting small towns. Furthermore,these highways generally __6__ large urban centers which means that they become crowded with __7__ traffic during rush hours,__8__ the "fast,direct" way becomes a very slow route. However,there is almost always another route to __9__ if you are not in a hurry. Not for from the relatively new "superhighways",there are often older,__10__ heavily traveled roads which go through the countryside. __11__ are good lane roads; others are uneven roads curving __12__ the country. These secondary routes may go up steep slopes,along hilly cliffs or down frightening hillsides to towns __13__ in deep valleys. Though these are less __14__ routes,longer and slower,they generally go to places __15__ the air is clean and the scenery is beautiful,and the driver may have a chance to get a fresh,clean view of the world.
1. A) Although B) But C) Since D) Because
2. A) uneven B) bumpy C) rough D) smooth
3. A) little B) much C) many D) few
4. A) terrible B) horrible C) tolerable D) enjoyable
5. A) to B) into C) at D) by
6. A) merge B) connect C) combine D) mix
7. A) busy B) small C) large D) heavy
8. A) when B) where C) which D) that
9. A) walk B) go C) take D) fix
10. A) more B) less C) very D) extremelyf
11. A) All of these B) None of these C) All roads D) Some of these
12. A) out of B) out C) through D) from
13. A) lying B) lie C) lies D) lay
14. A) direct B) indirect C) enjoyable D) beautiful
15. A) these B) which C) that D) where
Keys：
ADCDD BDACB DCAAD
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