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定語從句中that和which的區(qū)別有哪些

時間:2023-11-14 11:33:05 煒玲 英語 我要投稿
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定語從句中that和which的區(qū)別有哪些

  很多同學(xué)可能都會覺得在使用定語從句的時候,有時不知該選擇that還是which作為引導(dǎo)詞。歡迎閱讀定語從句中that和which的區(qū)別有哪些!

  定語從句中that和which的區(qū)別有哪些

  那么,今天和小編一起來了解下定語從句中that和which的區(qū)別;

  首先,that和which在從句里都可以做賓語和主語,做賓語時可以省略。在定語從句中,有種說法叫"關(guān)賓省",意思是關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語從句中作賓語可以省略,不管是that,which,還是whom。但是which能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,that則不行。

  其次,記得以下只能用that的幾種情況:

  1. 當(dāng)先行詞為all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞時。

  如:We should do all that is useful to the people. 我們應(yīng)該做一切有益于人民的事情。

  Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 有關(guān)此事,凡是你所知道的請告訴我。

  2. 當(dāng)先行詞被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等詞修飾時。

  如:You can take any seat that is free. 任何空著的座位你都可以坐。

  There is little work that is fit for you. 幾乎沒有適合你的工作。

  3. 當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞所修飾時。

  如:When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing. 人們談?wù)撈鹬袊某鞘械臅r候,我首先 想到的是北京。

  This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 這是我們校本學(xué)期放映的第四部電影。

  4. 當(dāng)先行詞為形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時。

  如:The best that I could do was to apologize. 我唯一能做的就是賠禮道歉了。

  This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read. 這是我讀過的一本最有趣的故事書。

  5. 當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修飾時。

  如: This is the very book that Im looking for. 這正是我在找的書。

  The only thing that we could do was to wait. 我們唯一能做的事就是等待。

  注意:先行詞被the same修飾時,關(guān)系代詞也可用as。

  如:I need the same book that / as you have. 我需要有你一樣的書。

  6. 當(dāng)先行詞既包含人又包含物時。

  如: They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 他們正在談?wù)撍麄兏信d趣的女英雄及她們的事跡。

  7. 當(dāng)先行詞是疑問代詞who,which,what或主句以這些詞開頭時。

  如:Who that has ever worked together with him doesnt admire him? 曾經(jīng)和他一起工作過的誰不欽佩他?

  Which is the star that is nearer to the earth? 哪個是離地球比較近的星星?

  8. 當(dāng)先行詞為主句表語或關(guān)系代詞為從句表語時。

  如:Thats a good book that will help you a lot. 那是本對你很有幫助的書。

  Our school is no longer the place that it used to be. 我們的學(xué),F(xiàn)在已不是過去的那個樣子了。

  9. 先行詞為time時,當(dāng)time表示次數(shù),引導(dǎo)詞用that, 可省略。 當(dāng)表示時間,可用that或when引導(dǎo),都可省略。

  如:I do remember the first time(that) I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world.我很清楚地記得當(dāng)我第一次聽到世界上最美的聲音的時候。

  I didt remember the exact time (when/that) I arrived in Shanghai last month. 我不記得上個月到達(dá)上海的確切時間了。

  最后,請注意以下幾種只能使用which的情況:

  1. 在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中,關(guān)系代詞必須用which。

  如: The house in which we live is very large. 我們住的房子非常大。

  This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 這就是老師正在談及的那本參考書。

  注意: 如果介詞不放在修飾事物的限定性定語從句的句首, which就可換為that, 例如: This is the question which/that weve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which weve had so much discussion. 這就是我們已經(jīng)多次討論過的問題。

  2. 先行詞為“those+表事物的復(fù)數(shù)名詞”時, 關(guān)系代詞通常只用which而不用that。

  如:you should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.

  最后,記得這個特殊情況吧:當(dāng)先行詞是表示原因或方式的名詞時,可以用that引導(dǎo)定語從句,相當(dāng)于介詞+which,that可以省略。

  如: She likes the child for the very reason that (=for which) she loves his father. 她喜歡那個孩子因?yàn)樗龕壑⒆拥母赣H。

  He didnt like the way that (=in which) she speaks to his mother. 他不喜歡她對他的母親那樣說話。

  Imagine the speed that (=at which) he drives the car. 很難想象,他開車開得那么快。

  The reason (that /for which /why) he came here was to ask for our help.他來這里的原因是尋求我們的幫助。

  好了,以上是“定語從句中that和which的區(qū)別”,還請同學(xué)們牢記以上的幾點(diǎn),并多做練習(xí),在具體的句子中加以理解,一切問題就可以迎刃而解了。

  定語從句that與which 區(qū)別是什么?

  區(qū)別一:成分不同

  1、that可指人或物,在從句中作表語,(指人作主語時多用who)。

  2、which可作表語,既可指人,以可指物。指人時一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有種特征.品性或才能的人。

  區(qū)別二:從句不一樣

  1、that僅用于限制性定語從句中,非限制性定語從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。

  2、Which引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以限制性的,也可以是非限制性的。

  區(qū)別三:局限性不同

  1、如果先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用that,不用which。

  2、如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體,關(guān)系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個成員,則用who。先行詞有兩個,一個指人,一個指物,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that。

  另外“介詞+關(guān)系代詞“可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。“介詞+關(guān)系代詞“結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等,關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或which,不可用that。

  定語從句that與which區(qū)別

  一、先行詞是人,用that/who/whom引導(dǎo)從句;不能用which:

  如:He that/who fears death lives not.貪生怕死死的快。

  二、先行詞是物,which和that都可以用:

  如:She has a small office which is used for private discussions.她有一間小辦公室,用來私人會談。

  三、先行詞是代詞,用that/who不用which:

  如:Is there anything else that youd like?還再要點(diǎn)其他的嗎?

  四、先行詞前有以下限定詞,更多用that:

  much, little, none, all, few, every, any, no;the very, the only, the same;形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞。

  如:The best book that I read this year was The Da Vinci Code.我今年讀的最好的書是《達(dá)芬奇密碼》。

  五、可以用介詞加which,不能用介詞加that:

  如:Your metabolic rate is the speed at which your body transforms food into energy.新陳代謝的速度是你的身體將食物轉(zhuǎn)化為能量的速度。

  六、非限制性定語從句里,用which不用that:

  如:The wisdom of nations lies in their proverbs, which are brief and pithy.民族之智慧蘊(yùn)藏于其簡短而有力的諺語中。

  七、如果先行詞在從句中做賓語,that/who/whom/which都可以省略:

  如:There are two points (which/that) I wanted to make.我想說兩點(diǎn)。

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