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萬圣節(jié)習(xí)俗中英文介紹
萬圣節(jié)介紹：
halloween one story about jack, an irishman, who was not allowed into heaven because he was stingy with his money. so he was sent to hell. but down there he played tricks on the devil (satan), so he was kicked out of hell and made to walk the earth forever carrying a lantern. well, irish children made jack's lanterns on october 31st from a large potato or turnip, hollowed out with the sides having holes and lit by little candles inside. and irish children would carry them as they went from house to house begging for food for the village halloween festival that honored the druid god muck olla. the irish name for these lanterns was "jack with the lantern" or "jack of the lantern," abbreviated as " jack-o'-lantern" and now spelled "jack-o-lantern." the traditional halloween you can read about in most books was just children's fun night. halloween celebrations would start in october in every elementary school. children would make halloween decorations, all kinds of orange-pa-pe-r jack-o-lanterns. and from black pa-pe-r you'd cut "scary" designs ---an evil witch with a pointed hat riding through the sky on a broomstick, maybe with black bats flying across the moon, and that meant bad luck. and of course black cats for more bad luck. sometimes a black cat would ride away into the sky on the back of the witch's broom. and on halloween night we'd dress up in mom or dad's old shoes and clothes, put on a mask, and be ready to go outside. the little kids (children younger than we were) had to go with their mothers, but we older ones went together to neighbors' houses, ringing their doorbell and yelling, "trick or treat!" meaning, "give us a treat (something to eat) or we'll play a trick on you!" the people inside were supposed to come to the door and comment on our costumes. oh! here's a ghost. oh, there's a witch. oh, here's an old lady. sometimes they would play along with us and pretend to be scared by some ghost or witch. but they would always have some candy and maybe an apple to put in our "trick or treat bags." but what if no one come to the door, or if someone chased us away? then we'd play a trick on them, usually taking a piece of soap and make marks on their windows. .and afterwards we would go home and count who got the most candy. one popular teen-agers' halloween trick was to unroll a roll of toilet pa-pe-r and throw it high into a tree again and again until the tree was all wrapped in the white pa-pe-r. the pa-pe-r would often stay in the tree for weeks until a heavy snow or rain washed it off. no real harm done, but it made a big mess of both the tree and the yard under it. one kind of halloween mischief.
萬圣節(jié)是西方的鬼節(jié)
在西方國家，每年的10月31日，有個“halloween”，辭典解釋為“the eve of all saints'day”，中文譯作：“萬圣節(jié)之夜”。萬圣節(jié)是西方國家的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。這一夜是一年中最“鬧鬼”的一夜，所以也叫“鬼節(jié)”。
兩千多年前，歐洲的天主教會把11月1日定為“天下圣徒之日” (all hallows day) �！癶allow” 即圣徒之意。傳說自公元前五百年，居住在愛爾蘭、蘇格蘭等地的凱爾特人 (celts) 把這節(jié)日往前移了一天，即10月31日。他們認(rèn)為該日是夏天正式結(jié)束的日子，也就是新年伊始，嚴(yán)酷的冬季開始的一天。那時人們相信，故人的亡魂會在這一天回到故居地在活人身上找尋生靈，借此再生.
這是人在死后能獲得再生的唯一希望。而活著的人則懼怕死魂來奪生，于是人們就在這一天熄掉爐火、燭光，讓死魂無法找尋活人，又把自己打扮成妖魔鬼怪把死人之魂靈嚇走。之后，他們又會把火種燭光重新燃起，開始新的一年的生活。傳說那時凱爾特人部落還有在10月31日把活人殺死用以祭奠死人的習(xí)俗。
到了公元1世紀(jì)，占領(lǐng)了凱爾特部落領(lǐng)地的羅馬人也漸漸接受了萬圣節(jié)習(xí)俗，但從此廢止了燒活人祭死人的野蠻做法。羅馬人慶祝豐收的節(jié)日與凱爾特人儀式結(jié)合，戴著可怕的面具，打扮成動物或鬼怪，則是為了趕走在他們四周游蕩的妖魔。這也就是今天全球大部分人以古靈精怪的打扮，來慶祝萬圣節(jié)的由來。時間流逝，萬圣節(jié)的意義逐漸起了變化，變得積極快樂起來，喜慶的意味成了主流。死魂找替身返世的說法也漸漸被摒棄和忘卻。到了今天，象征萬圣節(jié)的形象、圖畫如巫婆、黑貓等，大都有友善可愛和滑稽的臉萬圣節(jié)的習(xí)俗——不請吃就搗亂
萬圣節(jié)的一個有趣內(nèi)容是“trick or treat”，這習(xí)俗卻并非源自愛爾蘭，而是始于公元九世紀(jì)的歐洲基-督教會。那時的11月2日，被基-督徒們稱為 “all souls day”（萬靈之日）。在這一天，信徒們跋涉于僻壤鄉(xiāng)間，挨村挨戶乞討用面粉及葡萄干制成的“靈魂之餅”。據(jù)說捐贈糕餅的人家都相信教會僧人的祈禱，期待由此得到上帝的佑護，讓死去的親人早日進入天堂。這種挨家乞討的傳統(tǒng)傳至當(dāng)今竟演變成了孩子們提著南瓜燈籠挨家討糖吃的游戲。見面時，打扮成鬼精靈模樣的孩子們千篇一律地都要發(fā)出“不請吃就搗亂”的威脅，而主人自然不敢怠慢，連聲說“請吃！請吃！”同時把糖果放進孩子們隨身攜帶的大口袋里。
另外還有南瓜雕空當(dāng)燈籠的故事。這又是源于古代愛爾蘭。故事是說一個名叫 jack 的人，是個醉漢且愛惡作劇。一天 jack 把惡魔騙上了樹，隨即在樹樁上刻了個十字，恐嚇惡魔令他不敢下來，然后 jack 就與惡魔約法三章，讓惡魔答應(yīng)施法讓 jack 永遠不會犯罪為條件讓他下樹。 jack 死后，其靈魂卻既不能上天又不能下地獄，于是他的亡靈只好靠一根小蠟燭照著指引他在天地之間倘佯。
在古老的愛爾蘭傳說里，這根小蠟燭是在一根挖空的蘿卜里放著，稱作“jack lanterns”，而古老的蘿卜燈演變到今天，則是南瓜做的 jack-o-lantern 了。據(jù)說愛爾蘭人到了美國不久，即發(fā)現(xiàn)南瓜不論從來源和雕刻來說都比蘿卜勝一籌，于是南瓜就成了萬圣節(jié)的寵物。孩子們喜愛的節(jié)日
萬圣節(jié)是兒童們縱情玩樂的好時候。它在孩子們眼中，是一個充滿神秘色彩的節(jié)日。夜幕降臨，孩子們便迫不及待地穿上五顏六色的化妝服，戴上千奇百怪的面具，提上一盞“杰克燈”跑出去玩。“杰克燈”的樣子十分可愛，做法是將南瓜掏空，外面刻上笑瞇瞇的眼睛和大嘴巴，然后在瓜中插上一支蠟燭，把它點燃，人們在很遠的地方便能看到這張憨態(tài)可掬的笑臉。
收拾停當(dāng)后，一群群裝扮成妖魔鬼怪的孩子手提“杰克燈”，跑到鄰居家門前，威嚇般地喊著：“要惡作劇還是給款待”、“給錢還是給吃的”。如果大人不用糖果、零錢款待他們，那些調(diào)皮的孩子就說到做到：好，你不款待，我就捉弄你。他們有時把人家的門把手涂上肥皂，有時把別人的貓涂上顏色。這些小惡作劇常令大人啼笑皆非。當(dāng)然，大多數(shù)人家都非常樂于款待這些天真爛漫的小客人。所以萬圣節(jié)前夜的孩子們總是肚子塞得飽飽的，口袋裝得滿滿的。
萬圣節(jié)前夜最流行的游戲是“咬蘋果”。游戲時，人們讓蘋果漂浮在裝滿水的盆里，然后讓孩子們在不用手的條件下用嘴去咬蘋果，誰先咬到，誰就是優(yōu)勝者。
復(fù)活節(jié)是一個西方的重要節(jié)曰．他象征著重生與希望，為紀(jì)念耶穌基-督于公元30到33年之間被釘死在十字架之后第三天復(fù)活的曰子。通常與耶穌受難曰一起放假。今天，許多與復(fù)活節(jié)相關(guān)的民間風(fēng)俗都不是起源于基-督教的。耶穌基-督只吩咐門徒要記念自己的死亡.
復(fù)活節(jié)原本是古代異教的“春節(jié)”，是慶祝春回大地一切恢復(fù)生機的節(jié)曰。復(fù)活節(jié)可追溯到古巴比倫的愛情、生育和戰(zhàn)爭女神 ishtar。后來，此女神變成了西歐的黎明和春天女神 eastre（證據(jù)之一是兩個名字相似的讀音）。另一證據(jù)是 eastre 此字有東方（即 east）的含義，因太陽是從東方升起的。
復(fù)活節(jié)會在每年春分月圓之后第一個星期曰舉行，因為春分之后便開始曰長夜短——光明大過黑暗，月圓的時候，不但在曰間充滿光明，就連漆黑的夜晚也被光輝（月光）照耀。由此，這正好是耶穌復(fù)活——光明戰(zhàn)勝黑暗的寫照。一般人認(rèn)為安息曰等同星期曰，即耶穌死而復(fù)活的曰子，所以復(fù)活節(jié)就在每年春分月圓后第一個星期曰舉行。（若月圓時正好是星期曰，則在下一周的星期曰進行。）
復(fù)活節(jié)前曰即復(fù)活節(jié)前的星期六。在基-督徒心中，是等待耶穌基-督自死中復(fù)活的曰子。當(dāng)曰天主教會不舉行彌撒，直到晚上才慶祝基-督戰(zhàn)勝罪惡和死亡，為人類帶來救恩和希望。
萬圣節(jié)中英文介紹
October 31
On October 31st, dozens of children dressed in costumes(節(jié)日服裝)knock on their neighbors' doors and yell "Trick or Treat" when the door opens. Pirates and princesses, ghosts and popular heroes of the day all hold bags open to catch the candy or other goodies that the neighbors drop in. As they give each child a treat the neighbors exclaim over the costumes and try to guess who is under the masks.
Since the 800's November 1st is a religious holiday known as All Saints' Day(萬圣節(jié)). The Mass that was said on this day was called Allhallowmas. The evening before became known as All Hakkiw e'en, or Halloween. Like some other American celebrations, its origins lie in both pre-Christian and Christian customs.
October 31 st was the eve of the Celtic(凱爾特人的)new year. The Celts were the ancestors of the present-day Irish, Welsh and Scottish people. On this day ghosts walked and mingled with the living, or so the Celts thought. The townspeople baked food all that day and when night fell they dressed up and tried to resemble the souls of the dead. Hoping that the ghosts would leave peacefully before midnight of the new year.
Much later, when Christianity spread throughout Ireland and October 31 was no longer the last day of the year, Halloween became a celebration mostly for children. "Ghosts" went from door to door asking for treats, or else a trick would be played on the owners of the house. When millions of Irish people immigrated to the United States in the 1840s the tradition came with them.
Today' school dances and neighborhood parties called "block parties" are popular among young and
old alike. More and more adults celebrate Halloween. They dress up like historical or political figures and go to masquerade parties(化妝舞會). In larger cities, costumed children and their parents gather at shopping malls early in the evening. Stores and businesses give parties with games and treats for the children.Teenagers enjoy costume dances at their schools and the more outrageous the costume the better!
Certain pranks(惡作劇)such as soaping car windows and tipping over garbage cans are expected. But partying and pranks are not the only things that Halloweeners enjoy doing. Some collect money to buy food and medicine for needy children around the world.
Symbols of Halloween
Halloween originated as a celebration connected with evil spirits. Witches flying on broomsticks with black cats, ghosts, goblins(小精靈)and skeletons have all evolved as symbols of Halloween. They are popular trick-or-treat costumes and decorations for greeting cards and windows. Black is one of the traditional Halloween colors, probably because Halloween festivals and traditions took place at night. In the weeks before October 31, Americans decorate windows of houses and schools with silhouettes(輪廓)of witches and black cats.
Pumpkins are also a symbol of Halloween. The pumpkin is an orange-colored squash, and orange has become the other traditional Halloween color. Carving pumpkins into jack- o'lanterns is a Halloween custom also dating back to Ireland. A legend grew up about a man named Jack who was so stingy(吝嗇的)that he was not allowed into heaven when he died, because he was a miser(吝嗇鬼). He couldn't enter hell either because he had played jokes on the devil. As a result, Jack had to walk the earth with his
lantern until Judgement Day(審判日). The Irish people carved scary faces out of turnips(蕪菁根),
beets(甜菜根)or potatoes representing "Jack of the Lantern," or Jack-o'lantern. When the Irish brought their customs to the United States, they carved faces on pumpkins because in the autumn they were more plentiful than turnips. Today jack-o'-lanterns in the windows of a house on Halloween night let costumed children know that there are goodies(糖果)waiting if they knock and say "Trick or Treat!" Halloween Treats
Dried Pumpkin Seeds
After carving your pumpkin, separate the pulp from the seeds. Rinse(沖洗)the seeds and spread them out to dry. The next day, add enough melted butter or margarine(人造黃油)to coat each seed. Spread the seeds onto a cookie sheet(甜酥餅干)and bake for 20 minutes in a 300 degree oven for 20 minutes or until they are slightly brown.
Caramel Apples
Take the pa-pe-r wrapping off about 100 caramels(飴糖)and put them in a saucepan(燉鍋). Put the saucepan over a pan of boiling water. Boil the water until the caramels melt. Put a wooden stick into the top of each apple, dip the apple into the caramel. Let them cool on wax pa-pe-r and enjoy!
Scary Stories
No Halloween party is complete without at least one scary story. Usually one person talks in a low voice while everyone else crowds together on the floor or around a fire. The following is a retelling of a tale told in Britain and in North Carolina and Virginia.
"What Do You Come For?"
There was an old woman who lived all by herself, and she was very lonely. Sitting in the kitchen one night, she said, "Oh, I wish I had some company."
No sooner had she spoken than down the chimney tumbled two feet from which the flesh had rotted. The old woman's eyes bulged with terror.
Then two legs dropped to the hearth and attached themselves to the feet.
Then a body tumbled down, then two arms, and a man's head.
As the old woman watched, the parts came together into a great, tall man. The man danced around and around the room. Faster and faster he went. Then he stopped, and he looked into her eyes. "What do you come for? she asked in a small voice that shivered and shook.
"What do I come for?" he said. "I come for YOU!"
The narrator shouts and jumps at the person near him!
漢譯
10 月 31 日10 月 31 日，數(shù)十名身穿服裝 （節(jié)日服裝） 的兒童敲他們的鄰居門并大聲喊著"搗亂"門打開時。海盜、 公主、 鬼和受歡迎英雄的所有持有袋一天打開趕上糖果或鄰居放在其他好吃。因為他們給每個兒童治療鄰居過來的服飾，并嘗試猜猜是下口罩。
800'S年自 11 月 1 日是稱為所有圣徒 Day(萬圣節(jié)) 一個宗教節(jié)日。有人說，這一天的群眾被稱為日萬圣節(jié)。前的一天晚上被稱為所有 Hakkiw 這會兒或萬圣節(jié)。像一些其他美國的慶�；顒�，它的前身是迷信和基-督教的海關(guān)。
10 月 31 日是凱爾特人 (凱爾特人的) 新的一年的前夕。凱爾特人現(xiàn)今的愛爾蘭、 威爾士和蘇格蘭人的祖先。在這一天鬼走和與生活混在一起或凱爾特人這樣認(rèn)為。鄉(xiāng)民烤食物整天和夜幕降臨時他們打扮，并試圖類似于死者的靈魂。希望在新的一年的午夜前將和平地離開了鬼。
很久以后，當(dāng)基-督教遍布整個愛爾蘭，10 月 31 日不再是今年的最后一天，萬圣節(jié)大
多為兒童成為了慶�；顒�。"鬼"去了門到門要求款待情況下，否則業(yè)主的房子會演奏的技巧。當(dāng)數(shù)以百萬計的愛爾蘭人在 1840 年移民到美國的傳統(tǒng)也在其中。
今天的學(xué)校舞蹈和社區(qū)黨稱為“塊”，深受年輕人和老年人一樣。越來越多的成年人慶祝萬圣節(jié)。他們穿著像歷史或政治人物去參加化妝舞會（化妝舞會）。在較大的城市，服裝的兒童和他們的父母聚集在商場早在晚上。商店和企業(yè)給予當(dāng)事人和對待比賽的兒童。青少年享受舞蹈服裝在他們的學(xué)校和更令人發(fā)指的服裝的更好！
某些惡作劇（惡作�。� ，如皂洗車窗和翻倒垃圾桶的預(yù)期。但聚會和惡作劇是不是唯一的東西， Halloweeners喜歡做的事情。一些為有需要的兒童在世界各地收集的錢購買食物和藥品。
萬圣節(jié)的標(biāo)志物
萬圣節(jié)起源于與邪-惡幽靈相關(guān)的慶�；顒�。黑貓，鬼怪，妖精（小精靈）和骷髏騎著掃帚飛行的女巫都演變?yōu)槿f圣節(jié)的標(biāo)志物。他們是流行的伎倆或治療的服裝和裝飾品，賀卡和窗口。黑色是傳統(tǒng)的萬圣節(jié)顏色，這可能是因為萬圣節(jié)前夜的傳統(tǒng)發(fā)生在夜間。在10月31日前的幾周內(nèi)，美國人裝飾窗戶的房子和學(xué)校的巫婆和黑貓的輪廓（輪廓） 。
南瓜也是萬圣節(jié)的象征。南瓜是一個橙色的南瓜，橘黃色也成了傳統(tǒng)的萬圣節(jié)顏色。雕刻南瓜燈到插孔o'lanterns是一個萬圣節(jié)傳統(tǒng)，其歷史也可追溯到愛爾蘭。有一個傳說長大，一個名叫Jack的是誰這么小氣（吝嗇的） ，他沒有進入天堂，當(dāng)他死了，因為他是一個守財奴（吝嗇鬼） 。也不能進入地獄，所以，他扮演的取笑魔鬼。因此，他的燈籠，直到審判日那天，杰克不得不走的地球（審判日） 。愛爾蘭人雕刻成可怕的面孔來的蘿卜（蕪菁根） ，甜菜（甜菜根），土豆代表“杰克的燈籠”，或杰克o'lantern的。當(dāng)愛爾蘭人帶來了他們的美國海關(guān)，刻面南瓜，因為在美國秋天，他們比蕪菁更充足。今天南瓜燈籠，萬圣節(jié)之夜的一所房子的窗戶讓盛裝打扮的孩子們都知道有好東西（糖果）等，如果他們敲門，說：“給糖就搗蛋！ ”
萬圣狂歡
南瓜種子
你的南瓜雕刻后，從種子中分離出紙漿。清洗（沖洗）和傳播他們的種子干。第二天，添加足夠融化的奶油或人造奶油（人造黃油）覆蓋各種子。種子傳播到一個cookie表（甜酥餅干）和烘烤在300度的烤箱20分鐘， 20分鐘或直到他們是淡棕色。
焦糖蘋果
走紙包裝約100焦糖（飴糖） ，并把它們放在一個鍋里（燉鍋） 。將平底鍋里用開水一盤。煮沸的水，直到焦糖融化。把一根木棒到每一個蘋果的頂部，到焦糖蘸蘋果。讓他們冷靜蠟紙和享受！
可怕的故事
無萬圣節(jié)派對至少有一個可怕的故事是不完整的。通常，一個人談判，用低沉的聲音，而其他人都擠在地板上或在篝火旁。以下是在英國和北卡羅萊納州和弗吉尼亞州的一個傳說故事的改寫。
你怎么來？“
有一個老女人誰住自己所有的，她很孤獨。在廚房里坐了一晚，她說， “哦，我想我有一些公司。 ”
她剛說比下降的煙囪下跌2英尺，已經(jīng)腐爛的肉。老婦人的眼睛凸出恐怖。
兩條腿下降的壁爐和重視自己的腳。
然后，身體上跌落下來，然后兩只胳膊，和一個男人的頭。
由于老婦人的注視下，部分成為一個偉大的，身材高大的人走到了一起。該男子跳舞一圈又
一圈的房間。速度越來越快，他去了。然后，他停了下來，他看著她的眼睛。 “你怎么來的？她問一個細小的聲音顫抖著，震撼。
“我該怎么來的？”他說。 “我來給你！”
解說員長嘯，跳躍在他身邊的人！
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