小學(xué)英語必備的重點知識歸納
小學(xué)英語是小學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)階段的一個重要學(xué)習(xí)科目，也是家長都十分關(guān)注的一個學(xué)習(xí)點，但問題是，很多孩子作為剛接觸英語，很難適應(yīng)，那么小學(xué)需要學(xué)習(xí)哪些英語知識呢?下面是百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的小學(xué)英語知識，希望對大家有用!
小學(xué)英語語法知識
1.現(xiàn)在進行時
表示正在發(fā)生的事情或進行的動作，常與now，listen，look等詞連用，結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+be動詞(am，is，are)+動詞ing.
如：It is raining now.
外面正在下雨。
It is six o’clock now.
現(xiàn)在6點了。
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.
我父母正在客廳看報紙。
Look!The children are having a running race now.
看!孩子們正在賽跑。
問句將be動詞移前，否定句在be動詞后+not.
2.一般現(xiàn)在時
表示經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情或動作，常與often，usually，sometimes，always，every day(week year...)on Sundays等詞連用。
結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+動詞原形;當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)即he，she，it，Tom，my mother，the boy等詞時，動詞后加s或es.
如：We have an English lesson every day.
我們每天都要上英語課。
Do the boys run faster than the girls?
Yes，they do.
男孩比女孩跑的快嗎?是的。
問句借助于do，does否定句借助于don’t，doesn’t，后面動詞一定要還原。
3.一般過去時
表示發(fā)生在過去的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，常與just now;a moment ago;...ago;yesterday;last(week;month;year;Monday;weekend);this morning等詞連用。
結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+be動詞的過去式(was;were)或主語+動詞的過去式。
注意：be動詞與動詞過去式不可同時使用。
如：My earphones were on the ground just now.
我的耳機剛剛還在呢。
Where were you do last week?I was at a camp.
你上個星期去哪了?我去野營了。
What did you do yesterday?I visited a farm.
你昨天去干嘛了?我去參觀農(nóng)場了。
問句有be動詞將be動詞移前，沒有be動詞借助于did，后面動詞還原;
否定句有be動詞在后面加not，沒有借助于didn’t后面動詞還原。
4.一般將來時
表示將要打算發(fā)生的事情或動作，常與tomorrow，next week(yesr;Tuesday...)，this week(weekend;evening;afternoon;...)today 等詞連用。結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+be(am，is，are)going to+動原或主語+will+動原。
如：What are you going to do tomorrow?I am going to have a picnic.
你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。
The children are going to have a sports meeting next week.
孩子們下個星期將參加運動會。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.
Tom今晚將和父母去看演出。
問句將be動詞或will移前;否定句在be動詞或will后加not.
小學(xué)英語易錯知識
1. 讓我來幫你完成工作吧。
× Let me help you to do your work.
√ Let me help you with your work.
2. 我建議你去休個長假。
× I recommend you to take a long vacation.
√ I recommend that you take a long vacation.
3. 過來。
× Come to here.
√ Come here.
4. 太陽從東方升起。
× The sun rises from the East.
√ The sun rises in the East.
5. 小偷是從窗戶爬進來的。
× The thief got in from the window.
√ The thief got in through the window.
6. 讓我們從第10頁開始。
× Let's begin from page 10.
√ Let's begin at(on) page 10.
7. 我耐心有限。
× There is a limit in my patience.
√ There is a limit to my patience.
8. 請在白線內(nèi)等待。
× Please wait inside the white line.
√ Please wait behind the white line.
9. 你家房子買了火險嗎?
× Is your house insured for fire?
√ Is your house insured against fire?
10. 我沒地方住。
× I have no house to live.
√ I have no house to live in.
11. 臉好臟!照照鏡子。
× What a dirty face! Look at the mirror.
√ What a dirty face! Look in the mirror.
12. 這是我房間門鑰匙。
× This is the key of my room.
√ This is the key to my room.
13. 我準備去上一個為期兩年的英語課程。
× I am going to take a two-year course of English.
√ I am going to take a two-year course in English.
14. 末班車11點開，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)快11點了，趕緊的!
× The last bus leaves at eleven o'clock. It's about eleven now, Hurry!
√ The last bus leaves at eleven o'clock. It's nearly (almost) eleven now, Hurry!
15. 把手從電線末端挪開。
× Leave your hand from the end of the wire.
√ Let go of the end of the wire.
16. 靠右走。
× Keep the right.
√ Keep to the right.
17. 不關(guān)你的事。
× It is not of only your business.
√ It is none of your business.
小學(xué)英語基礎(chǔ)知識
1.人稱代詞
主格： I we you she he it they
賓格： me us you her him it them
形容詞性物主代詞：my our your her his its their
名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容詞和副詞的比較
(1) 一般在形容詞或副詞后+er
older ,taller, longer, stronger
(2) 多音節(jié)詞前+more
more interesting, etc.
(3) 雙寫最后一個字母，再+er
bigger fatter, etc.
(4) 把y變i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5) 不規(guī)則變化：
well-better, much/many-more, etc.
3.可數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式
Most nouns + s abook –books
Nouns ending in aconsonant +y - y+ ies a story—stories
Nouns ending in s,sh, ch or x + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches
Nouns ending in o+s or +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes
Nouns ending in for fe - f or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可數(shù)名詞(單復(fù)數(shù)不變)
bread, rice, water ,juice等。
5.縮略形式
I’m= I a， you’re = you are， she’s= she is， he’s = he is
it’s= it is， who’s =who is， can’t =can not， isn’t=is not等。
6.a/an
a book, a peach
an egg， an hour
7.Preposition
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at,behind.
表示時間： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast
on Monday， on 15th July， On National Day
in the evening， in December， in winter
8.基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞
one – first， two-second，twenty-twentieth
9.some/any
I have some toys in my bedroom.
Do you have any brothers or sisters?
10.be動詞
(1) Basic form: am/are/is
(2) 肯定和否定句 I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
(3)一般疑問句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t.
Are they American? Yes, they are. No,they aren’t.
Is the cat fat? Yes,it is. No, it isn’t.
11.there be結(jié)構(gòu)
肯定句：There is a …
Thereare …
一般疑問句: Is there …? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
Arethere…? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.
否定句： There isn’t ….
Therearen’t….
12.祈使句
Sit down please
Don’tsit down, please.
13.現(xiàn)在進行時
通常用“now”.
形式： be + verb +ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
動詞—ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e -e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming
14.一般現(xiàn)在時
通常用 “usually, often, every day,sometimes”。
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.
She goes to school on foot every day.
一般疑問句:
Do you jump high? Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.
Does he jump high? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.
否定句： We don’t go to school on Sundays.
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